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The History of Journalism in Latin America
From the deserts of northern Mexico to as far south as the Rio Plata in Argentina, this book traces the history of journalism in Latin America from its earliest roots and examines how it relates to the modern importance of media in the twenty-first century.By exploring mestizo roots, The History of Journalism in Latin America examines Indigenous foundations, pre-colonial methods, and post-colonial systems of communication to show how earlier publications became instrumental to regional nineteenth-century independence movements throughout Latin America. Although the history of communication in the region is characterized by the control and censorship of empires, be they Indigenous or European, this study argues that modern journalism at its core is the story of crusading for freedom and independence. Through a country-by-country approach, this book explores key themes such as family media empires in Mexico, newspaper competition in Brazil, the dissemination of political agendas in Colombia?s El Espectador, and conservative media outlets in Argentina and Chile. It demonstrates the varied roles of media: businesses, societal forces, and institutions of governmental change.This volume is the perfect introduction to the history of journalism and media in Latin America for students.
Slavery, Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution
The role of slavery in driving Britain's economic development is often debated, but seldom given a central place. In their remarkable new book, Maxine Berg and Pat Hudson 'follow the money' to document in revealing detail the role of slavery in the making of Britain’s industrial revolution. Slavery was not just a source of wealth for a narrow circle of slave owners who built grand country houses and filled them with luxuries. The forces set in motion by the slave and plantation trades seeped into almost every aspect of the economy and society. In textile mills, iron and copper smelting, steam power, and financial institutions, slavery played a crucial part. Things we might think far removed from the taint of slavery, such as eighteenth-century fashions for indigo-patterned cloth, sweet tea, snuff boxes, mahogany furniture, ceramics and silverware, were intimately connected. Even London’s role as a centre for global finance was partly determined by the slave trade as insurance, financial trading and mortgage markets were developed in the City to promote distant and risky investments in enslaved people. The result is a bold and unflinching account of how Britain became a global superpower, and how the legacy of slavery persists. Acknowledging Britain's role in slavery is not just about toppling statues and renaming streets. We urgently need to come to terms with slavery's inextricable links with Western capitalism, and the ways in which many of us continue to benefit from slavery to this day.
Star and Key
Many countries have an interesting tale to tell about their origins and evolution. But few are as exciting and adventurous as that of Mauritius--"Star and Key" of the Indian Ocean.A tiny island of volcanos, dodos and lagoons, Mauritius remained untouched by humans until Arab sailors discovered it in the tenth century. Settled by the Portuguese, Dutch, French and then British, it was passed from one empire to another, each recognizing its immense strategic importance, yet all struggling fully to control it.From a highly prized colonial chess piece to an independent success story, Mauritius has always been a place with outsized influence. This cultural melting-pot is home to peoples of Indian, Chinese, African and European descent, shaping the country''s vibrant literature, music, language and art--as well as its ethnic tensions, which have always bubbled near the surface. Olivier Hein''s sweeping history uncovers Mauritius''s fascinating yet little-known past, exploring the age of pirates; the horrors of indentured labor; the 1810 Franco-British war; the transformations in economy, landscape and climate during the twenty-first century; and much more. From its geological origins to the present day, this is the story of an island nation quite unlike any other.
The Finest Road in the World
Trains and stagecoaches stuck in the snow, wild storms driving sailing ships off course, traffic pile-ups on so-called ''killer'' highways - stories abound about the horrors of travel in the Highlands and Islands, and have done for as far as the records go back.James Miller tells the dramatic and sometimes surprisingly humorous story of travel and transport in the Highlands. Some of the figures in the story are familiar - General George Wade, Thomas Telford and Joseph Mitchell among them - but there are a host of others too, including the intrepid Lady Sarah Murray, who offered sound advice for travellers (''Provide yourself with a strong roomy carriage, and have the springs well corded'').This thought-provoking book will appeal to all who like stories of travel and transport, and are interested in how changing modes of transport have affected the ways of life in the Highlands and remain crucial to the modern life and the future of the region.
Instrumentum navis. Le ancore litiche e plumbee della Soprintendenza del Mare della Regione Siciliana
Instrumentum navis: Le ancore litiche e plumbee della Soprintendenza del Mare della Regione Siciliana is the result of a study carried out in collaboration with the Sicilian Region''s Superintendency of the Sea. It concerns the study of all the lithic, lead and metal anchors from the Sicilian underwater environment, deposited in the rooms of the Arsenal of the Royal Navy in Palermo, in the warehouse of the former Roosevelt Institute in Addaura, and in the courtyard of Palazzetto Mirto in Palermo, the headquarters of the Superintendency of the Sea.The study on the anchors was conducted through an extensive census, documentation and archive study that offered a chance to understand the numerical consistency of the property and its value.The census and cataloguing activity continued with historical research on the types of anchors over the centuries and the impact they had on navigation, routes and ports in ancient times, as well as on the birth of the underwater collection in Sicily and the creation of the Superintendency of the Sea, which has carefully and innovatively managed the entire Sicilian underwater archaeological sector over the last twenty years.For the anchors described here, and through the entry registers and ancient publications, it was possible to trace the data on the places where the anchors were found, which covered the entire coastline of Sicily, including the smaller islands, thus providing the starting point for the creation of a digital mapping of the finds through the G.I.S. (Geographic Information System) and providing a guideline for future research.
The Strategists
'Entirely fresh, brilliantly insightful and utterly compelling ' James HollandChurchill. Hitler. Stalin. Mussolini. Roosevelt. Five of the most impactful leaders of WW2, each with their own individualistic and idiosyncratic approach to warfare. But if we want to understand their military strategy, we must first understand the strategist. In THE STRATEGISTS, Professor Phillips Payson O'Brien shows how the views these five leaders forged in WW1 are crucial to understanding how they fought WW2. For example, Churchill's experiences of facing the German Army in France in 1916 made him unwilling to send masses of British soldiers back there in the 1940s, while Hitler's mistakes on the Eastern Front were influenced by his reluctance to accept that conditions had changed since his own time fighting. The implications of the power of leaders remain with us to this day: to truly understand what is happening in Ukraine, for example, requires us to know what has influenced the leaders involved. This is a history in which leaders – and their choices – matter. For better or worse.
Breaking Bread
‘An amazing book.’ Dan Lepard‘The rich and fascinating story of bread.’ Lily Vanilli‘A brilliant, timely and important book full of compassion.’ Olia Hercules‘A fascinating exploration of our universal love of bread. David traces the past, present and future of bread through his personal lens as a third generation baker.’ Edd KimberIn Breaking Bread, third generation baker, food writer and presenter David Wright examines the universal questions about bread and baking. About the people who make and shape the bread we buy and the difficulties that social and cultural change, food fads and health directives have had, and are having, on the baking industry. After his family bakery sadly closed its doors after seventy-five years, Wright asks if the the closure of the bakery underlines the very idea that bread is a dying foodstuff. Is bread good or bad? And what does the future hold for bread?Bread is an essential part of our story, our health, our very being. Every civilisation has a form of bread, and how we create, make and bake it, how we sell it and buy it, our food security, our access to it, affects everything: our physical and mental well-being, the ingredients, the seeds, the very earth we grow our grains in, the water we use and how we treat and sustain these natural resources, impact on the very health and future of our planet.Chapters include:1 Why Bread? – Creating, making, baking2: The Wheel of Life – A loaf’s cycle3: Frankenloaf – Science and the perfect loaf4: Sicker by the Slice – A marriage not made in heaven5: Big Bread – Industrial vs artisan bakeries6: The Breadline – The economics of crust7: Flour Power – The politics of bread8: Bloody Bread – The costs of conquest9: Our Daily Bread – What the gods want10: Breaking bread - A once ropey baker looks to the futureBreaking Bread contains interviews and expert contributions from Olia Hercules - Food Writer, Dan Lepard - Baker and Writer, Felicity Spector - Writer and Baker, Kateryna Kalyuzhna – Baker, Brad Leone - Food Personality, Chris Cowie – Philosopher, Zara Mohammed - Religious Leader, William Kendall - Food Producer, Andy Cato/George Lamb – Wildfarmed, Daisy Terry - Dusty Knuckle, Ollie Hornsey-Pennell - Hylsten Bakery, Tim Williams - Regenerative Farmer, Matt Burgess – Chef, Martha Delacey - Teacher and Writer, Karl De Smedt - Sourdough Librarian, Vanessa Kimbell – Baker, Chris Young - Real Bread Campaign, Ben MacKinnon - Baker E5, Ben Glazer - Coombeshead Bakery, Andrew Gilespy - Fresh Flour, OJ Borg - Radio 2 DJ and Presenter, Christopher Tan - Baker and Writer, Martin Bricknell - War Studies Professor KCL, Wing Mon Cheung - Cereal Bakery
The Populist Temptation
Populism, on both the right and the left, has spread like wildfire throughout Europe and the United States and is making inroads in other parts of the world. In simplest terms, populism is a political ideology that vilifies elites, minorities and foreigners while lionizing "the people." It reached its apogee in the U.S. with the election of Donald Trump but has been a force in Europe since the Great Recession and the refugee crisis. We now see the rise of leaders with populist tendencies everywhere from Brazil to Turkey.In The Populist Temptation, Barry Eichengreen places this global resurgence of populism in its historical context. Populists have always thrived, he observes, in times of poor economic performance. Populism feeds on rising inequality, which augments the ranks of those left behind and fans dissatisfaction with the economic status quo. It responds to rapid economic change that heightens insecurity. These economic developments, Eichengreen shows, give rise to populist reactions when they highlight the divergent interests of the people and the elite. Banking and financial crises are a case in point: the financiers who are the precipitating agents of such crises are card-carrying members of the elite, and are seen as profiting at the expense of the people.But populism is also a protest against the declining influence of the traditions, beliefs and community of once-dominant groups. It is a reaction against the challenge posed by immigrants and minorities to the people as a homogeneous, well-defined entity. Populists capitalizing on these feelings appeal to a glorious, mythologized past grounded in the collective traditions of that once-dominant majority. They invoke nationalism and criticize politicians who embrace diversity, open borders and equal rights. Populism has particular appeal, Eichengreen shows, when these identity politics and economic grievances come together.There is no magic solution to these concerns, but Eichengreen points to a starting place: strengthening welfare state policies that make for greater equality of opportunity and social cohesion. Comparing Europe with the United States, he shows that America''s patchwork welfare state is less well equipped to deal with the fallout from globalization and technical change and the growing distance between social groups. This reality will be hard to change, since America''s limited welfare state reflects the country''s historically-rooted suspicion of big government. It is therefore in the United States, Eichengreen concludes, where the siren song of populism is most alluring--and dangerous.
From the Adriatic to the Alps: Transport and Trade Networks in Roman and Late Antique Northern Italy
During the Roman period, inland regions are often assumed to have been difficult to access, with imports and trade dropping off as distance from the coast increased. Long-distance maritime trade has been the subject of intensive study, but the complex dynamics that governed inland trade have not seen the same level of interest. Within this book, Northern Italy serves as a case study to explore the role transport cost and consumer choice played in the distribution of local and imported goods throughout inland regions. Using three contrasting, quantified datasets of amphorae, finewares, and marble (together forming the Material Data in Northern Italy (MADINI) dataset), chronological and spatial patterns in inland trade are analysed using aoristic analysis and hierarchical clustering. The results demonstrate that inland trade was far more complex than a simple regression of imports as distance from the coast increased. Clear zones of consumption across Northern Italy are seen in the distribution of the material data, often closely linked to transport costs. While the river network is shown to have been a crucial in facilitating inland transport, the significance of trans-mountain trade across the Alps and the Apennines has been underestimated. Areas furthest inland are often shown to have had the greatest diversity in the provenance and types of material, as opposed to coastal areas which demonstrate a more limited selection. The results highlight the diverse array of factors governing inland trade and the interplay between cost and choice in the decisions made by consumers.
The A-Z of Curious Kent
Kent is well-known for hops and oysters, the Channel Tunnel and Chatham Dockyard – but sandwiched between these are towns and villages that each have a story to tell.The A-Z of Curious Kent takes you off the beaten track, to a world of daddlums and hufflers, gavelkind and grotters. While kings and queens travelled the highways on their way to and from the continent, the people of Kent quietly defined the new order, defended the nation and left teasing reminders of a past that may never be fully understood.
The Twelfth-Century Mosan Reliquary of Petermonostora
In 2013, during the excavation of the archaeological site of Pétermonostora (Hungary), two exceptionally large enamel plaques were discovered. The reliquary they belonged to was made by a Mosan artist, possibly in the Meuse Valley, a major intellectual and artistic centre of the period. The artwork''s remains constitute one of the greatest discoveries in medieval Hungarian archaeology. Even though the site was completely destroyed by the Mongols in 1241, its remains, and especially artefacts like the reliquary, create a unique image of a large, thriving settlement, home to a Latin Christian masterpiece. Given the destruction of sources and artworks in the region, Pétermonostora offers a rare opportunity to examine artistic, cultural, and historical aspects of high medieval East-Central Europe.Dr. Sophie Balace (Curator of metalworks at the Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels): “The discovery of the Pétermonostora plaques is as extraordinary as it is unexpected. Although Mosan goldwork remains are still relatively numerous, their discovery in an archaeological context is rare. The archaeological discovery of important goldsmith ornamental fragments on the site of Pétermonostora constitutes a major contribution to Mosan heritage. This attribution, which seems to be irrefutable, brings sensational new information to the study of medieval art.”
Drax of Drax Hall
'A damning reminder that the ghosts of empire are not distant – they are living, breathing and, in some cases, still collecting rent' - The Observer'Eloquently reminds us that history is never truly past' - The New Yorker'A family story straight out of Game of Thrones' - Alex Renton, authorWhile the British landed gentry profited from chattel slavery in the West Indies, the Plunkett-Ernle-Erle-Drax family of Dorset pioneered it. This is the story of the British Empire and slavery told through one family’s grotesque history, and how its legacy is alive and well today.
The Rebel Empresses
From the acclaimed author of In the Shadow of the Empress comes the thrilling chronicle of two of the most influential and glamorous women in nineteenth-century Europe-Elisabeth, empress of Austria, and Eugénie, empress of France-and their efforts to rule amid the scandal, intrigue, tragedy, and violence of their era.When they married Emperors Franz Joseph and Napoleon III, respectively, Elisabeth of Austria and Eugénie of France became two of the most famous women on the planet. Not only were they both young and beautiful-becoming cultural and fashion icons of their time-but they played a pivotal role in ruling their realms during a tempestuous era characterized by unprecedented political and technological change.Fearless, adventurous, and independent, Elisabeth and Eugénie represented a new kind of empress-one who rebelled against tradition and anticipated and embraced modern values. Yet both women endured hardship in their private and public lives. Elisabeth was plagued by a mother-in-law who snatched her infant children away and undermined her authority at court. Eugénie''s husband was an infamous philanderer who could not match the military prowess of his namesake. Between them, Elisabeth and Eugénie were personally involved in every major international confrontation in their turbulent century, which witnessed thrilling technological advances, as well as revolutions, assassinations, and wars.With her characteristic in-depth research and jump-off-the-page writing, Nancy Goldstone brings to life these two remarkable women, as Europe goes through the convulsions that led up to the international landscape we recognize today.
Spatial Analysis of Housing and Economic Complexes in the Upper Palaeolithic of Transbaikal (Southern Siberia)
Spatial Analysis of Housing and Economic Complexes in the Upper Palaeolithic of Transbaikal (Southern Siberia) provides a brief overview of the history in the development of methods of spatial analysis in Russian archaeology in the context of studies of Palaeolithic dwellings. The results of an analysis of the spatial organisation of the Upper Palaeolithic complexes in Transbaikal region are presented in detail. The concept of contextual analysis is introduced as applied to the archaeology of ancient settlements. The planigraphy of housing and economic structures and, in general, the cultural horizons of the multi-layered Studenoe 2 site are examined in detail. An ethnographic block is presented separately, characterising the details of the frame dwellings of the northern peoples based on the rich photographic collection of the Russian Ethnographic Museum. This book is for archaeologists, historians, and Quaternary geologists, including undergraduate and graduate students, and academics.
At the Dawn of History: The Late Pre-Islamic Age in South-Eastern Arabia
This fresh study thoroughly re-casts the unrecognised Samad Late Iron Age (SLIA) and its archaeological context in the 600 years which flank the year 0 CE, providing valuable insights into the significance and complexities of this enigmatic era. Through meticulous research of archaeological sites and recent discoveries, the authors present an in-depth understanding of the SLIA. A particular focus is given to examining the relationship between the SLIA assemblage and that of the Mleiha/PIR, parsing the cultural connections between these separate yet intertwined archaeological phenomena. By investigating diverse topics such as burial practices, pottery, small finds, trade networks and architecture, this work aims to offer a comprehensive grasp of the material culture and historical scene of the centuries preceding the rise of Islam. With its contribution to the ongoing academic discourse on the archaeology of south-eastern Arabia, this book fills a niche for scholars and enthusiasts seeking archaeological knowledge about this fascinating Arabian period.
Holy Men of the Electromagnetic Age
Exploring death, religion, science and social crisis, a startling history of the occult between the world wars, when Spiritualism was truly an international obsession.The interwar period was a golden age of the uncanny. Clairvoyants, fakirs, Theosophists, mind-readers, miracle-workers and jinn-summoners--all assured the masses that, just like the newly discovered invisible forces of electricity, radiation and magnetism, unseen spiritual powers commanded a realm of hidden human potential. This was a transnational movement of eccentrics, gurus and prophets, with East and West interacting in unexpected ways.Drawing on untapped sources in Arabic as well as European records, Raphael Cormack follows two of the most unusual and charismatic figures of this age: Tahra Bey, who took 1920s Paris by storm as an ''Oriental'' missionary; and Dr Dahesh, who harnessed Western science to create a pan-religious faith in Lebanon. Travelling between Cairo, New York and Jerusalem, Paris, Istanbul and Rio de Janeiro, the two mystics reflected the desires and anxieties of a troubled age. These forgotten holy men, who embodied the allure of the unexplained at a time of dramatic change, speak to our own unstable world today.T
Mamluks, Conquest and Culture
The Ghurids have their origins in the mountainous region of modern central Afghanistan, from where they established the first Islamic state in India. Some of their ghulams, primarily nomadic Turks from Central Asia, were to become independent rulers, leading to the foundation of the Delhi Sultanate. At its height, in the late-twelfth and early-thirteenth centuries, their domain extended from the shores of the Caspian Sea to the Bay of Bengal and from the Straits of Hormuz to the River Oxus. Mamluks, Conquest and Culture covers both the military and political history of the dynasty and the Persianate cultural world they inhabited and propagated on the subcontinent. The collapse of the Great Seljuk Empire allowed them to expand westwards into Iran. Extensive use of ghulams played a crucial role in their success, and this cavalry was to prove decisive in the campaigns against the Indian dynasties. Their conquests reunited territories to create a transregional empire for the first time in a millennium.
Brightening from the East
In Brightening from the East Ken Worpole explores a unique 'region of the mind' -the Thames Estuary and the marshland landscapes of the East Anglian shoreline. In this wide-ranging collection of essays, personal and historical, Worpolebrings us the stories of radical communities, of arcadian dreams among theshabby plotlands of eastern England, of new ways of living. He ranges furtherafield too, writing on Italian cemeteries, Dutch landscape architects and theEnglish twentieth century folk revival. Here Worpole convincingly argues thatthe Essex landscape has always been a refuge for new ideas, and a place wherepractical idealism could flourish, a place the world might learn from. Brighteningfrom the East also contains Worpole's influential essay, 'The New EnglishLandscape'.
Controlling Contagion
How human institutions—markets, states, communities, religions, guilds and families—have helped both to control and to exacerbate epidemics throughout history. How do societies tackle epidemic disease? In Controlling Contagion, Sheilagh Ogilvie answers this question by exploring seven centuries of pandemics, from the Black Death to Covid-19. For most of history, infectious diseases have killed many more people than famine or war, and in 2019 they still caused one death in four. Today, we deal with epidemics more successfully than our ancestors managed plague, smallpox, cholera or influenza. But we use many of the same approaches. Long before scientific medicine, human societies coordinated and innovated in response to biological shocks—sometimes well, sometimes badly. Ogilvie uses historical epidemics to analyse how human societies deal with “externalities”—situations where my action creates costs or benefits for others beyond those that I myself incur. Social institutions—markets, states, communities, religions, guilds, and families—help us manage the negative externalities of contagion and the positive externalities of social distancing, sanitation, and immunization. Ogilvie shows how each institution enables us to coordinate, innovate and inspire each other to limit contagion. But each institution also has weaknesses that can make things worse. Markets shut down voluntarily during every epidemic in history—but they also brought people together, spreading contagion. States mandated quarantines, sanitation, and immunization—but they also waged war and censored information, exacerbating epidemics. Religions admonished us to avoid infecting our neighbours—but they also preached against science and medical innovations. What decided the outcome, Ogilvie argues, was a temperate state, an adaptable market, and a strong civil society where a diversity of institutions played to their own strengths and checked each other’s flaws.
Pridajte sa k nám na ceste časom s našou komplexnou kolekciou encyklopédií zaoberajúcich sa históriou. Táto kategória obsahuje všetko od praveku až po súčasnosť. Študujte historické udalosti, významné osobnosti, dôležité civilizácie a momenty, ktoré formovali svet, v ktorom žijeme dnes. Ideálne pre študentov, učiteľov, ako aj pre všeobecných historických nadšencov, naše encyklopédie sú zdrojom nevyčerpaných informácií a zábavného poznávania.
Mnohé encyklopédie sú bohato ilustrované, čo umožňuje čitateľom lepšie vizualizovať a porozumieť historickým udalostiam a obdobiam.
