Najnovšie - Encyklopédie populárno-náučné strana 138 z 183
História 
Príroda 
Vesmír, veda a technika 
Ľudské telo, človek 
Encyklopédie - ostatné
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The Afghan Wars 1839-1919
First published in 1980, shortly after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, The Afghan Wars 1839–1919 speedily became a standard work of reference at military academies and staff colleges in the UK and overseas. Since then, with the attack on the World Trade Center in September 2001 and subsequent war in Afghanistan, copies of the book have been increasingly in demand by readers interested in finding out the context to one of the most complex conflicts of modern times.T.A. Heathcote departs from the Eurocentric approach of most British military historians and sets the causes and events of the Anglo-Afghan wars firmly in their Asian context, providing as much a political as a military history. Using official dispatches and private letters as well as existing histories, this book tells the story of all three Anglo-Afghan conflicts in a single, accessible volume. It remains essential reading for anyone with an interest in the study of warfare in one of the world’s most hostile environments.
The Last Peasant War
A history of the largely forgotten peasant revolution that swept central and eastern Europe after World War I—and how it changed the course of interwar politics and World War IIAs the First World War ended, villages across central and eastern Europe rose in revolt. Led in many places by a shadowy movement of army deserters, peasants attacked those whom they blamed for wartime abuses and long years of exploitation—large estate owners, officials, and merchants, who were often Jewish. At the same time, peasants tried to realize their rural visions of a reborn society, establishing local self-government or attempting to influence the new states that were being built atop the wreckage of the Austro-Hungarian and Russian empires. In The Last Peasant War, Jakub Beneš presents the first comprehensive history of this dramatic and largely forgotten revolution and traces its impact on interwar politics and the course of the Second World War. Sweeping large portions of the countryside between the Alps and the Urals from 1917 to 1921, this peasant revolution had momentous aftereffects, especially among Slavic peoples in the former lands of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It enabled an unprecedented expansion of agrarian politics in the interwar period and provided a script for rural resistance that was later revived to resist Nazi occupation and to challenge Communist rule in east central Europe. By shifting historical focus from well-studied cities to the often-neglected countryside, The Last Peasant War reveals how the movements and ambitions of peasant villagers profoundly shaped Europe’s most calamitous decades.
Battleship Yamato
The Battleship Yamato, of the Imperial Japanese Navy, was the most powerful warship of World War II and represented the climax, as it were, of the Japanese warrior traditions of the samurai – the ideals of honour, discipline and self-sacrifice that had immemorially ennobled the Japanese national consciousness. Stoically poised for battle in the spring of 1945 – when even Japan’s last desperate technique of arms, the kamikaze, was running short – Yamato arose as the last magnificent arrow in the imperial quiver of Emperor Hirohito.Here, Jan Morris not only tells the dramatic story of the magnificent ship itself – from secret wartime launch to futile sacrifice at Okinawa – but, more fundamentally, interprets the ship as an allegorical figure of war itself, in its splendour and its squalor, its heroism and its waste. Drawing on rich naval history and rhapsodic metaphors from international music and art, Battleship Yamato is a work of grand ironic elegy."The short, illustrated book Morris has written about the Yamato is what she calls ''a reverie'' on the varied emotions that war summons up…I think it''s safe to say that Morris has also written a reverie on accepting the inevitability of death… This book itself signals yet another end: Certainly, it will be one of the very last books written about World War II by an author who saw active service in that war. That sobering fact only adds to the elegiac resonance of this magnificent little book." ? Maureen Corrigan, NPR''s Fresh Air.Published to coincide with the 80th anniversary of the sinking of Yamato (7 April 2025).
The Military History Book
Discover the key themes and big ideas behind the major events and milestones in the history of warfare – from the dawn of civilization to the 21st century.
Tracing the epic 5,000-year story of warfare from the earliest battles to the War on Terror, The Military History Book explores and explains the causes and consequences of each, offering a new angle on military history. Individual entries analyse the key social and political driving forces, the arms and armaments, and the technologies and tactics of war over the last 7,000 years – from the tactics of early infantry and siegecraft to the rise of naval combat steel, steam, and shellfire, and from trench warfare and aerial dogfights to chemical weapons and cyber warfare.
Combining authoritative text and memorable quotes with photographs, maps, illustrations, and infographics, each episode is made accessible and easy to understand, brining military history to life like never before.
The Revolutionary Self
The eighteenth century was a time of cultural friction: individuals began to assert greater independence and there was a new emphasis on social equality. In this surprising history, Lynn Hunt examines women’s expanding societal roles, such as using tea to facilitate conversation between the sexes in Britain. In France, women also pushed boundaries by becoming artists, and printmakers’ satiric takes on the elite gave the lower classes a chance to laugh at the upper classes and imagine the potential of political upheaval. Hunt also explores how promotion in French revolutionary armies was based on men’s singular capabilities, rather than noble blood, and how the invention of financial instruments such as life insurance and national debt related to a changing idea of national identity. Wide-ranging and thought-provoking, The Revolutionary Self is a fascinating exploration of the conflict between individualism and the group ties that continues to shape our lives today.
Animal Behaviour
A thrilling face-to-face encounter with animals in their own environment – their elaborate displays, intimate lives, and extraordinary behaviour
Did you know that elephants give each other names, orangutans self-medicate, and rats giggle? Animal Behaviour is full of hundreds of stories that shed light on how animals navigate life in the wild.
Packed with vivid wildlife photography and action sequences, every aspect of animal life and behaviour is explored and explained – from courtship rituals and birth to hunting and death. An initial overview of animal anatomy and physiology reveals the science and biomechanics that underpin animal behaviour, while later chapters thematically break down the intricacies of animal feeding, development, communication, intelligence, learning, and other behavioural characteristics. Learn about play through river otters, see socialization among parrots at the riverbank, and catch prey with a fishing spider. Feature panels throughout the book explore the biology behind these traits, introduce case studies from the field, and highlight critical conservation issues facing these animals.
Animal Behaviour has been created in collaboration with internationally renowned zoologist and TV presenter Charlotte Uhlenbroek and a team of wildlife experts to ensure up-to-date and accurate information.
The End of the Ottoman Empire and the Forging of the Modern Middle East
"In one hundred and twenty pages this book provides a compelling account of the shaping of the modern Middle East, and the critical part played in that process by the Ottoman Empire, even as it fell apart. It offers a mine of background information for anyone wishing to understand the current scene. Thirty-four well-chosen documents, mainly culled from the archives, buttress and illuminate the story." —Jonathan Schneer, Georgia Institute of Technology, author of The Balfour Declaration: The Origins of Arab-Israeli Conflict
The Essential Sarmiento
"Domingo Sarmiento is a rhetorical and political giant whose garrulous, colorful, and troubling ideas about race, violence, politics, and literature have fascinated Spanish-language readers for over a hundred and fifty years. Thanks to William Acree''s brilliant selection of writings and annotations, the sparkling translations of John Charles Chasteen, and Oscar Chamosa''s excellent critical Introduction, readers of English can finally encounter this larger-than-life writer who was deeply committed to documenting his historical moment and assessing social and political ills. This book is a major—and long overdue—contribution to Latin American Studies." —Christopher B. Conway, The University of Texas at Arlington
The History of Journalism in Latin America
From the deserts of northern Mexico to as far south as the Rio Plata in Argentina, this book traces the history of journalism in Latin America from its earliest roots and examines how it relates to the modern importance of media in the twenty-first century.By exploring mestizo roots, The History of Journalism in Latin America examines Indigenous foundations, pre-colonial methods, and post-colonial systems of communication to show how earlier publications became instrumental to regional nineteenth-century independence movements throughout Latin America. Although the history of communication in the region is characterized by the control and censorship of empires, be they Indigenous or European, this study argues that modern journalism at its core is the story of crusading for freedom and independence. Through a country-by-country approach, this book explores key themes such as family media empires in Mexico, newspaper competition in Brazil, the dissemination of political agendas in Colombia?s El Espectador, and conservative media outlets in Argentina and Chile. It demonstrates the varied roles of media: businesses, societal forces, and institutions of governmental change.This volume is the perfect introduction to the history of journalism and media in Latin America for students.
Slavery, Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution
The role of slavery in driving Britain's economic development is often debated, but seldom given a central place. In their remarkable new book, Maxine Berg and Pat Hudson 'follow the money' to document in revealing detail the role of slavery in the making of Britain’s industrial revolution. Slavery was not just a source of wealth for a narrow circle of slave owners who built grand country houses and filled them with luxuries. The forces set in motion by the slave and plantation trades seeped into almost every aspect of the economy and society. In textile mills, iron and copper smelting, steam power, and financial institutions, slavery played a crucial part. Things we might think far removed from the taint of slavery, such as eighteenth-century fashions for indigo-patterned cloth, sweet tea, snuff boxes, mahogany furniture, ceramics and silverware, were intimately connected. Even London’s role as a centre for global finance was partly determined by the slave trade as insurance, financial trading and mortgage markets were developed in the City to promote distant and risky investments in enslaved people. The result is a bold and unflinching account of how Britain became a global superpower, and how the legacy of slavery persists. Acknowledging Britain's role in slavery is not just about toppling statues and renaming streets. We urgently need to come to terms with slavery's inextricable links with Western capitalism, and the ways in which many of us continue to benefit from slavery to this day.
Star and Key
Many countries have an interesting tale to tell about their origins and evolution. But few are as exciting and adventurous as that of Mauritius--"Star and Key" of the Indian Ocean.A tiny island of volcanos, dodos and lagoons, Mauritius remained untouched by humans until Arab sailors discovered it in the tenth century. Settled by the Portuguese, Dutch, French and then British, it was passed from one empire to another, each recognizing its immense strategic importance, yet all struggling fully to control it.From a highly prized colonial chess piece to an independent success story, Mauritius has always been a place with outsized influence. This cultural melting-pot is home to peoples of Indian, Chinese, African and European descent, shaping the country''s vibrant literature, music, language and art--as well as its ethnic tensions, which have always bubbled near the surface. Olivier Hein''s sweeping history uncovers Mauritius''s fascinating yet little-known past, exploring the age of pirates; the horrors of indentured labor; the 1810 Franco-British war; the transformations in economy, landscape and climate during the twenty-first century; and much more. From its geological origins to the present day, this is the story of an island nation quite unlike any other.
The Finest Road in the World
Trains and stagecoaches stuck in the snow, wild storms driving sailing ships off course, traffic pile-ups on so-called ''killer'' highways - stories abound about the horrors of travel in the Highlands and Islands, and have done for as far as the records go back.James Miller tells the dramatic and sometimes surprisingly humorous story of travel and transport in the Highlands. Some of the figures in the story are familiar - General George Wade, Thomas Telford and Joseph Mitchell among them - but there are a host of others too, including the intrepid Lady Sarah Murray, who offered sound advice for travellers (''Provide yourself with a strong roomy carriage, and have the springs well corded'').This thought-provoking book will appeal to all who like stories of travel and transport, and are interested in how changing modes of transport have affected the ways of life in the Highlands and remain crucial to the modern life and the future of the region.
Instrumentum navis. Le ancore litiche e plumbee della Soprintendenza del Mare della Regione Siciliana
Instrumentum navis: Le ancore litiche e plumbee della Soprintendenza del Mare della Regione Siciliana is the result of a study carried out in collaboration with the Sicilian Region''s Superintendency of the Sea. It concerns the study of all the lithic, lead and metal anchors from the Sicilian underwater environment, deposited in the rooms of the Arsenal of the Royal Navy in Palermo, in the warehouse of the former Roosevelt Institute in Addaura, and in the courtyard of Palazzetto Mirto in Palermo, the headquarters of the Superintendency of the Sea.The study on the anchors was conducted through an extensive census, documentation and archive study that offered a chance to understand the numerical consistency of the property and its value.The census and cataloguing activity continued with historical research on the types of anchors over the centuries and the impact they had on navigation, routes and ports in ancient times, as well as on the birth of the underwater collection in Sicily and the creation of the Superintendency of the Sea, which has carefully and innovatively managed the entire Sicilian underwater archaeological sector over the last twenty years.For the anchors described here, and through the entry registers and ancient publications, it was possible to trace the data on the places where the anchors were found, which covered the entire coastline of Sicily, including the smaller islands, thus providing the starting point for the creation of a digital mapping of the finds through the G.I.S. (Geographic Information System) and providing a guideline for future research.
The Strategists
'Entirely fresh, brilliantly insightful and utterly compelling ' James HollandChurchill. Hitler. Stalin. Mussolini. Roosevelt. Five of the most impactful leaders of WW2, each with their own individualistic and idiosyncratic approach to warfare. But if we want to understand their military strategy, we must first understand the strategist. In THE STRATEGISTS, Professor Phillips Payson O'Brien shows how the views these five leaders forged in WW1 are crucial to understanding how they fought WW2. For example, Churchill's experiences of facing the German Army in France in 1916 made him unwilling to send masses of British soldiers back there in the 1940s, while Hitler's mistakes on the Eastern Front were influenced by his reluctance to accept that conditions had changed since his own time fighting. The implications of the power of leaders remain with us to this day: to truly understand what is happening in Ukraine, for example, requires us to know what has influenced the leaders involved. This is a history in which leaders – and their choices – matter. For better or worse.
Breaking Bread
‘An amazing book.’ Dan Lepard‘The rich and fascinating story of bread.’ Lily Vanilli‘A brilliant, timely and important book full of compassion.’ Olia Hercules‘A fascinating exploration of our universal love of bread. David traces the past, present and future of bread through his personal lens as a third generation baker.’ Edd KimberIn Breaking Bread, third generation baker, food writer and presenter David Wright examines the universal questions about bread and baking. About the people who make and shape the bread we buy and the difficulties that social and cultural change, food fads and health directives have had, and are having, on the baking industry. After his family bakery sadly closed its doors after seventy-five years, Wright asks if the the closure of the bakery underlines the very idea that bread is a dying foodstuff. Is bread good or bad? And what does the future hold for bread?Bread is an essential part of our story, our health, our very being. Every civilisation has a form of bread, and how we create, make and bake it, how we sell it and buy it, our food security, our access to it, affects everything: our physical and mental well-being, the ingredients, the seeds, the very earth we grow our grains in, the water we use and how we treat and sustain these natural resources, impact on the very health and future of our planet.Chapters include:1 Why Bread? – Creating, making, baking2: The Wheel of Life – A loaf’s cycle3: Frankenloaf – Science and the perfect loaf4: Sicker by the Slice – A marriage not made in heaven5: Big Bread – Industrial vs artisan bakeries6: The Breadline – The economics of crust7: Flour Power – The politics of bread8: Bloody Bread – The costs of conquest9: Our Daily Bread – What the gods want10: Breaking bread - A once ropey baker looks to the futureBreaking Bread contains interviews and expert contributions from Olia Hercules - Food Writer, Dan Lepard - Baker and Writer, Felicity Spector - Writer and Baker, Kateryna Kalyuzhna – Baker, Brad Leone - Food Personality, Chris Cowie – Philosopher, Zara Mohammed - Religious Leader, William Kendall - Food Producer, Andy Cato/George Lamb – Wildfarmed, Daisy Terry - Dusty Knuckle, Ollie Hornsey-Pennell - Hylsten Bakery, Tim Williams - Regenerative Farmer, Matt Burgess – Chef, Martha Delacey - Teacher and Writer, Karl De Smedt - Sourdough Librarian, Vanessa Kimbell – Baker, Chris Young - Real Bread Campaign, Ben MacKinnon - Baker E5, Ben Glazer - Coombeshead Bakery, Andrew Gilespy - Fresh Flour, OJ Borg - Radio 2 DJ and Presenter, Christopher Tan - Baker and Writer, Martin Bricknell - War Studies Professor KCL, Wing Mon Cheung - Cereal Bakery
The Populist Temptation
Populism, on both the right and the left, has spread like wildfire throughout Europe and the United States and is making inroads in other parts of the world. In simplest terms, populism is a political ideology that vilifies elites, minorities and foreigners while lionizing "the people." It reached its apogee in the U.S. with the election of Donald Trump but has been a force in Europe since the Great Recession and the refugee crisis. We now see the rise of leaders with populist tendencies everywhere from Brazil to Turkey.In The Populist Temptation, Barry Eichengreen places this global resurgence of populism in its historical context. Populists have always thrived, he observes, in times of poor economic performance. Populism feeds on rising inequality, which augments the ranks of those left behind and fans dissatisfaction with the economic status quo. It responds to rapid economic change that heightens insecurity. These economic developments, Eichengreen shows, give rise to populist reactions when they highlight the divergent interests of the people and the elite. Banking and financial crises are a case in point: the financiers who are the precipitating agents of such crises are card-carrying members of the elite, and are seen as profiting at the expense of the people.But populism is also a protest against the declining influence of the traditions, beliefs and community of once-dominant groups. It is a reaction against the challenge posed by immigrants and minorities to the people as a homogeneous, well-defined entity. Populists capitalizing on these feelings appeal to a glorious, mythologized past grounded in the collective traditions of that once-dominant majority. They invoke nationalism and criticize politicians who embrace diversity, open borders and equal rights. Populism has particular appeal, Eichengreen shows, when these identity politics and economic grievances come together.There is no magic solution to these concerns, but Eichengreen points to a starting place: strengthening welfare state policies that make for greater equality of opportunity and social cohesion. Comparing Europe with the United States, he shows that America''s patchwork welfare state is less well equipped to deal with the fallout from globalization and technical change and the growing distance between social groups. This reality will be hard to change, since America''s limited welfare state reflects the country''s historically-rooted suspicion of big government. It is therefore in the United States, Eichengreen concludes, where the siren song of populism is most alluring--and dangerous.
From the Adriatic to the Alps: Transport and Trade Networks in Roman and Late Antique Northern Italy
During the Roman period, inland regions are often assumed to have been difficult to access, with imports and trade dropping off as distance from the coast increased. Long-distance maritime trade has been the subject of intensive study, but the complex dynamics that governed inland trade have not seen the same level of interest. Within this book, Northern Italy serves as a case study to explore the role transport cost and consumer choice played in the distribution of local and imported goods throughout inland regions. Using three contrasting, quantified datasets of amphorae, finewares, and marble (together forming the Material Data in Northern Italy (MADINI) dataset), chronological and spatial patterns in inland trade are analysed using aoristic analysis and hierarchical clustering. The results demonstrate that inland trade was far more complex than a simple regression of imports as distance from the coast increased. Clear zones of consumption across Northern Italy are seen in the distribution of the material data, often closely linked to transport costs. While the river network is shown to have been a crucial in facilitating inland transport, the significance of trans-mountain trade across the Alps and the Apennines has been underestimated. Areas furthest inland are often shown to have had the greatest diversity in the provenance and types of material, as opposed to coastal areas which demonstrate a more limited selection. The results highlight the diverse array of factors governing inland trade and the interplay between cost and choice in the decisions made by consumers.
The A-Z of Curious Kent
Kent is well-known for hops and oysters, the Channel Tunnel and Chatham Dockyard – but sandwiched between these are towns and villages that each have a story to tell.The A-Z of Curious Kent takes you off the beaten track, to a world of daddlums and hufflers, gavelkind and grotters. While kings and queens travelled the highways on their way to and from the continent, the people of Kent quietly defined the new order, defended the nation and left teasing reminders of a past that may never be fully understood.
The Twelfth-Century Mosan Reliquary of Petermonostora
In 2013, during the excavation of the archaeological site of Pétermonostora (Hungary), two exceptionally large enamel plaques were discovered. The reliquary they belonged to was made by a Mosan artist, possibly in the Meuse Valley, a major intellectual and artistic centre of the period. The artwork''s remains constitute one of the greatest discoveries in medieval Hungarian archaeology. Even though the site was completely destroyed by the Mongols in 1241, its remains, and especially artefacts like the reliquary, create a unique image of a large, thriving settlement, home to a Latin Christian masterpiece. Given the destruction of sources and artworks in the region, Pétermonostora offers a rare opportunity to examine artistic, cultural, and historical aspects of high medieval East-Central Europe.Dr. Sophie Balace (Curator of metalworks at the Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels): “The discovery of the Pétermonostora plaques is as extraordinary as it is unexpected. Although Mosan goldwork remains are still relatively numerous, their discovery in an archaeological context is rare. The archaeological discovery of important goldsmith ornamental fragments on the site of Pétermonostora constitutes a major contribution to Mosan heritage. This attribution, which seems to be irrefutable, brings sensational new information to the study of medieval art.”
V kategórii populárno - náučné encyklopédie nájdete široký výber kníh, ktoré vám poskytnú poznatky z rôznych oblastí zaujímavým a zrozumiteľným spôsobom. Encyklopédie vám pomôžu získať komplexný prehľad o rôznych témach, ako ľudské telo a človek, príroda, vesmír, veda a technika a história.
Naša ponuka encyklopédií populárno-náučného charakteru vám umožní objaviť fascinujúci svet poznania a rozšíriť svoje vedomosti o rôznych témach.
