Najnovšie - Encyklopédie populárno-náučné strana 172 z 183
História 
Príroda 
Vesmír, veda a technika 
Ľudské telo, človek 
Encyklopédie - ostatné
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Lithuania
Lithuania is often portrayed as a small nation- state that has survived against the odds of history: together with Estonia and Latvia, it won independence at the end of the First World War, lost it to the Soviet Union in 1939–40, regained it in 1990–1, and joined NATO and the EU in 2004, angering the Kremlin. But Lithuania’s rich and complex history stretches back much further than these events, and much further than many realise.In the fourteenth century, Europe’s last pagan dynasty ruled a vast empire stretching from forests on the Baltic shores to the steppes north of the Black Sea. Forging a remarkable, liberty-based union with the Kingdom of Poland, for 400 years the Grand Duchy of Lithuania blocked Moscow’s pretensions to rule all of Rus’, particularly Belarus and Ukraine. Yet it was in competition with Poles, and under Russian imperial rule, that the modern ethnic Lithuanian nation emerged in the nineteenth century.This is a lively and accessible history of a fascinating country that was once much larger than it is today; a land where, for centuries, peoples and communities—including Belarusians, Ukrainians, Germans, Poles, Russians, Jews, Karaites and Tatars—lived together in concord and discord.
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25,49 €
The Minoans
Bronze Age Crete stands as one the most extensively explored parts of the world archaeologically, yet the island maintains an air of labyrinthian mystery. This book offers an authoritative introduction to the world of the Minoans, the first ‘modern’ civilization on European soil. With its grand palaces, a sophisticated bureaucracy complete with writing (including enigmatic, undeciphered scripts), exquisite gold and ivory artworks, unique and powerful depictions of women, and advanced urban engineering, including flushing toilets, this ancient civilization had remarkably modern elements. This book presents key features of Minoan archaeology, including architecture, art, religion, writing, bureaucracy and the economy. It also explores how this pioneering European civilization has influenced Western culture since its discovery, and how Minoan culture has been reconstructed, reimagined and represented in museum displays. This concise and up-to-date guide is essential for understanding both the history and the lasting legacy of the Minoans.
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24,49 €
D’Ammaedara a Haidra
D''Ammaedara a Haidra takes readers on a journey through the different periods of Tunisian history, from antiquity to the present day, via the medieval and modern periods. Haidra, a small town located on the western border between Tunisia and Algeria, is the setting for this exploration. This study is an experiment linking history and architectural archaeology, with the aim of highlighting fragments of history, events, figures and the little-known heritage of this town and its region.Based on archival documents, various sources and existing studies, the book addresses issues related to the occupation of the site from Antiquity to modern times, taking into account the regional, tribal, socio-economic and security context, with particular attention paid to the ancient site. After extensive fieldwork, an archaeological and architectural analysis was carried out using various methods of building archaeology, focusing on construction techniques and materials, and culminating in an attempt at restoration. These two approaches, historical and architectural, have contributed to a comprehensive understanding of Haidra and its occupation over time.
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76,99 €
Turkey and the Liberal International Order
Turkey has always had a complicated relationship with the West and the Liberal International Order, owing to its geographic and historical position that straddles geographic divides. This book explores Turkey’s relationship with the Liberal International Order and its economic, security and political ties. While Turkey’s position within the Liberal International Order has always been challenged internally and externally, events in recent years have resulted in further questioning of its position. This book provides a long-term view of Turkey’s relation to liberal internationalism, demonstrating how the republic emerged simultaneously with the emergence of the first post-First World War version of liberal international order. It demonstrates both the challenges and the opportunities that Turkey’s position within and outside liberal internationalism poses to the future of such forms of liberal internationalism. Crucially, it demonstrates how Turkey’s foreign policy stances are and will likely continue to be closely linked to political developments within the country.
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108,49 €
The Radical Fifties
The 1950s are usually portrayed as conservative, conformist, and apathetic, but was there more to this much-maligned decade than that? In Britain, the convergence of conflicting political moments-the Cold War, the Bomb, the rise of America, the decline of the empire, welfare, and affluence- compelled a rapid rethinking of what it meant to ''be political'' along with a series of experiments in democracy and democracy education. The Radical Fifties examines the distinctive ''activist politics'' emerging from this by focusing on the entwined histories of its main protagonists: the Freedom Press anarchists, the New Left Club socialists, and the Direct Action Committee pacifists.Instead of gaining or influencing power in a traditional sense, these groups wanted to dispense with it all together and transform democracy into a whole way of life, a quality of interaction between people. While this upturned conventional political thinking, it also posed a dilemma: conceding the practice of democracy also meant conceding the ability to determine its ends and direct it activities. In contrast to the assertive radicalism of the sixties, this appeared dismally unambitious, yet it confronted more directly and seriously the defining questions of the times: could democratic means produce democratic ends? If not, was it still democracy?
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106,99 €
Yugoslavia 1941–44
A unique visual exploration of partisan and anti-partisan warfare in Yugoslavia between 1941 and 1944. Following the Axis invasion and occupation of Yugoslavia in April 1941, a brutal insurgency (based both on ethnic and political affiliations) broke out in the German- and Italian-occupied areas. The result was a protracted multi-partite struggle. The key forces opposing the Axis occupation were Tito’s communist Partisans and, initially, Draža Mihailovic’s royalist Chetniks, with Allied allegiances shifting over time. Widespread ethnic cleansing and ideological warfare were waged by the occupiers and their internal allies under the ‘anti-Partisan’ moniker. In 1942, the first of seven major counter-insurgency operations was carried out by Axis forces. These took place in every part of the country, aiming to annihilate the main core of resistance. With stunning artwork, detailed maps and period images, this book reveals the military cultures of the wide range of opposing forces involved. It also covers the planning and execution of each operation, from the autumn 1941 offensive against the Republic of Užice through to the final attack in western Bosnia in spring 1944. The result is a unique visual exploration of one of the most complex and least studied offensives of World War II.
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22,99 €
Celebrating Horsham
Horsham is a market town in West Sussex on a major crossing of the River Adur. The origins of the town date back to Anglo-Saxon times and the area was known early on for horse trading, becoming established as a borough in the early thirteenth century. Horsham was always a successful market town but its wealth was also generated by iron smelting, brickmaking, stone quarrying, brewing and leather making. More recently it has developed financial and service industries in sectors such as insurance and video gaming. Famous brewers like King and Barnes had been established in the town, and continuing the heritage of local brewing there are now craft brewers, gin distillers and vineyards. The population has grown rapidly in recent years due to new housing developments on the outskirts of the town.Celebrating Horsham chronicles the proud heritage of Horsham and what draws so many to this town today. Illustrated throughout, this fascinating book offers a marvellous and refreshingly positive insight into Horsham’s rich history, its special events and important moments.
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19,99 €
Girl Power?
An examination of how, when, and why austerity capitalism and strands of feminism became intertwined, and why girl-focused programs have been at the heart of international policymaking. Girl-focused education programs have long been at the heart of international policymaking—when girls’ access to education is ensured, the reasoning goes, they are more likely to turn into productive adults who can drive economic growth. These ideas combine strands of feminism and capitalism that have a specific and understudied origin. In this book, historian Sarah Bellows-Blakely shows how a doctored study of girls’ education in East and Southern Africa led to the creation of international norms in the United Nations that would go on to guide policymaking on women’s rights and economic growth, promoting neoliberal feminist policy at the expense of other forms of gender-based justice. Focusing on the growth of free-market feminism and girl-focused economic development planning through the relationship between UNICEF and the Nairobi-based NGO FEMNET, Bellows-Blakely reveals how their joint efforts set the blueprints for linked movements of economic development and women’s rights that are still ongoing. Through a narrative of the UNICEF-FEMNET lobbying campaign, Bellows-Blakely shows how multiple, contested girl-focused visions of economic programming and gender justice became selectively erased in favor of an approach to global policy centered on the free-market construction and strategic deployment of the African “girl child.”
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31,99 €
The New Total War
Fromthe revolutionary use of drones to staged coups, child abduction and psychologicalwarfare, the war in Ukraine is like no other. It is a new form of total war, combiningtraditional military force with all the non-military tools of the Russian state. The 2022 invasion was just the next stage of a conflict that Russia has beenfighting since 2005, using all the tactics at its disposal to control Ukraine'spolitics and wreak havoc. Combiningover a decade of research, astute analysis and powerful stories from the frontline, and including striking photographs of the people and scenes heencountered along the way, Bob Seely has written the authoritative guide tothis new form of conflict. Travelling extensively throughout Ukraine, Seelymeets figures such as Panoushka, the sniper who continues to fight despite theloss of her fiance, and Ksenia, the seventeen-year-old who journeyed throughRussia searching for her abducted younger brother. Above all, Seely argues thatunderstanding Moscow's new total war is critical because Russia considersitself at war with the West as well as Ukraine, directing some of the tacticsused there against us. Insightful,gripping and at times moving, this book is essential reading for anyone who wantsto understand the unconventional methods Russia and other authoritarian stateswill use to challenge the West for global supremacy and undermine our beliefs, powerand influence.
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33,49 €
National Duties
A historical account of the relationship between the federal government and merchant capital in the formative years of the American Republic. In the wake of the American Revolution, if you had asked a citizen whether his fledgling state would survive more than two centuries, the answer would have been far from confident. The problem, as is so often the case, was money. Left millions of dollars of debt by the war, the nascent federal government created a system of taxes on imported goods and installed custom houses at the nation’s ports, which were charged with collecting these fees. Gradually, the houses amassed enough revenue from import merchants to stabilize the new government. But, as the fragile United States was dependent on this same revenue, the merchants at the same time gained outsized influence over the daily affairs of customs houses. As the United States tried to police this commerce in the early nineteenth century, the merchants’ stranglehold on custom house governance proved to be formidable. In National Duties, Gautham Rao makes the case that the origins of the federal government and the modern American state lie in these conflicts at government custom houses between the American Revolution and the presidency of Andrew Jackson. He argues that the contours of the government emerged from the push-and-pull between these groups, with commercial interests gradually losing power to the administrative state, which only continued to grow and lives on today.
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31,99 €
The Identity at Death of the Old and Young from the Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages on the Southeast Asian Mainland
Archaeological exploration of burial practices continues to provide insight into socio-historical cultural practices, behaviours, and attitudes to individual community members at the point of their death. This insight speaks to dominant social practices or beliefs within a population and may demonstrate connectedness with other regional localities. The ever-expanding body of evidence from burial settings across Mainland Southeast Asia, incorporating considerations of the range of social identities prominent in archaeological discourse, demonstrates the presence of complex, vibrant, and diverse practices throughout this region geographically and across time.The Identity at Death of the Old and Young explores four burial sites from the southeast Asian mainland, populated in the Neolithic to Iron Age, to discuss burial behaviour in relation to the old and young. While a biological sex identity is considered, the study primarily explores the potentiality for age identities as a defining social characteristic at, and between, each site. A range of burial variables, normative and non-normative, are interrogated to illuminate and discuss social attitudes and behaviours toward each cohort.This book provides the first comprehensive study of elderly subjects in mortuary settings from Mainland Southeast Asia. It incorporates emerging ageing methodologies and provides a regional perspective from discrete sites that contribute to the growing focus of older subjects in archaeological settings internationally.
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83,49 €
Cultural Transformations in Germania Secunda
Studies of the Late Roman Lower German frontier have often focused on the evidence for Germanic migrants from either burials, material culture or settlement forms. Cultural Transformations in Germania Secunda adopts a multi-variate approach combining data on settlements, finds and metallurgy in both Germania Secunda and Germania Magna to present a more complex picture. A long-term comparison of structural evidence, archaeobotanical data and handmade pottery from rural settlements challenges the role of migration in the changes observed in the Late Roman settlement landscape. Instead of distinct migration events, this book argues for long-term interactive processes such as trade, exchange and multi-directional mobility.This book further brings together evidence on style, decoration, dating, spatial distribution and find contexts of 4540 civilian and military copper-alloy dress ornaments to challenge labels such as "Roman", "Germanic", "military" and "civilian" to argue for long-term continuity and hybridisation of material culture styles in the Lower Rhine frontier area in the Late Roman period. This Nuanced approach is also supported by the metallurgical analysis of 686 copper-alloy dress accessories, which gave insight into the production organisation of items worn by different social groups.
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58,49 €
Exchanging Objects
As an historical account of the exchange of “duplicate specimens” between anthropologists at the Smithsonian Institution and museums, collectors, and schools around the world in the late nineteenth century, this book reveals connections between both well-known museums and little-known local institutions, created through the exchange of museum objects. It explores how anthropologists categorized some objects in their collections as “duplicate specimens,” making them potential candidates for exchange. This historical form of what museum professionals would now call deaccessioning considers the intellectual and technical requirement of classifying objects in museums, and suggests that a deeper understanding of past museum practice can inform mission-driven contemporary museum work.
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36,99 €
Slavery in the International Women's Movement, 1832–1914
In this book, Sophie van den Elzen shows how advocates for women''s rights, in the absence of their ''own'' history, used the antislavery movement as a historical reference point and model. Through a detailed analysis of a wide range of sources produced over the span of almost a century, including novels, journals, speeches, pamphlets, and posters, van den Elzen reveals how the women''s movement gradually diverged from a position of solidarity with the enslaved into one of opposition, based on hierarchical assumptions about class and race. This inclusive cultural survey provides a new understanding of the ways in which the cultural memory of Anglo-American antislavery was imported and adapted across Europe and the Atlantic world, and it breaks new ground in studying the ?woman-slave analogy? from a longitudinal and transnational comparative perspective. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
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114,49 €
Luftwaffe Intruder Operations Over the United Kingdom
On 17 July 1940, Oberst Josef Kammhuber took command of the Luftwaffe’s 1 Nachtjagddivision after his release from French captivity. He was tasked with combating RAF bombers, which were increasingly threatening Germany during the Battle of Britain. Kammhuber’s strategy, the Fernnachtjagd (long-range night fighter missions), focused on targeting bombers while they were vulnerable during takeoff and return to bases.Kammhuber believed that converted German bombers like the Dornier Do 17Z and Junkers Ju 88, flown by experienced crews, would be ideal for these missions. The first claims from Fernnachtjagd occurred on 23 July 1940, when Luftwaffe pilots mistakenly shot down a Bristol Blenheim, thinking it was a Vickers Wellington. These night missions continued over the next few years, with varying success.By 1942, the campaign shifted to a “stopgap” phase, and the introduction of the Messerschmitt Me 210 and Me 410 marked further changes in the tactics and aircraft used. While Fernnachtjagd operations had some impact in 1941, by 1944, their effectiveness had diminished. Notably, during the Allies'' Berlin raid on 19 February 1944, the Luftwaffe claimed more RAF bombers than the entire Me 410 campaign achieved in 14 months.
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33,49 €
Tiberius
History has not been kind to the memory of Tiberius Caesar (42 BC-AD 37), second emperor of the Romans. His reputation for capable generalship and sensible civic leadership are marred by reports of cruelty, treason trials and sexual depravity. Some historians have described him as a ‘tyrant’ or even a ‘monster’. But does he deserve this negative appraisa? n Tiberius, Lindsay Powell presents a fresh and penetrating reassessment of the life and legacy of the extraordinary man handpicked by Augustus to succeed him. He shows that Tiberius was the right man for the job, at the right time.Tiberius built upon the innovations of Augustus by bolstering the Roman Commonwealth’s institutions and reining in its expenditures. He used his proven leadership skills in military and diplomatic affairs to avoid war whenever possible. A no-nonsense disciplinarian willing to eschew popularity for the good of the Res Publica, he respected the Senate’s independence, recruited competent public administrators, rooted out malpractice in provincial government, and was generous to communities blighted by disaster.Tiberius examines the known facts of the personal and professional life of Ancient Rome’s third longest serving emperor. He was a poet, a collector of art and an astrologer. Lindsay Powell explores how he dealt with success, disappointment and loss all while under the unrelenting pressure of serving Augustus, and then carrying out his ultimate duty by ruling the empire in his own right.Descended from a famous family, his standing has been undermined by his infamous appointees: right-hand man, Aelius Sejanus, who betrayed him; prefect of Judaea, Pontius Pilatus, who crucified Jesus of Nazareth; and his successor, Caius, better known as Caligula. Yet, when he died of old age (or was he murdered?), he left the Roman Empire both stronger and at peace.Meticulously researched, Tiberius is lucidly written by the author of the acclaimed biographies Marcus Agrippa and Germanicus.
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39,49 €
Written Treasures
For centuries, we have studied the works of Cicero, Lucretius and Horace. We draw inspiration from the knightly tales of King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. Our knowledge of the world builds on the writings of classical and medieval poets, philosophers, theologians and jurists. But without the diligent monks and copyists of the Middle Ages, these texts would not have been preserved. Today''s world is unthinkable without this transmission of written knowledge. Written Treasures introduces you to the fascinating world of medieval manuscripts. From the treasury of the Leiden University Library, 50 extraordinary manuscripts are selected: beautiful showpieces but also quickly notated works on second-rate parchment. Thirty-Eight experts highlight their content, appearance, design and their journey through generations of users and possessors to our times. With beautiful illustrations and accessible texts, this book is indispensable for history and book lovers. It is a celebration of cultural heritage and a tribute to the exceptional transmission of written knowledge through the ages.
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64,49 €
Archaeoseismology in a Mediterranean City
Seismic risk is a global challenge that spans multiple disciplines. Archaeology plays a crucial role, offering significant value in preserving and understanding Cultural Heritage. This book, through the European PROTECT project, explores how archeoseismology applied to architecture can make a meaningful impact. Focusing on the historic center of Siena, it presents new methodologies and innovative findings, offering a multidisciplinary approach that uncovers fresh perspectives on a complex urban and social context, as well as its relationship with both medieval and modern earthquakes.
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45,99 €
American Freethought
A history of how the freethought movement fought to maintain a secular United States. Although today it has largely faded from public memory, the American freethought movement played an important role in shaping the religious landscape of the United States. Without its influence, state and local governments might still demand that public officeholders subscribe to specific religious doctrines and prosecute those who question the existence of God or the authority of the Bible for blasphemy. In American Freethought, David C. Hoffman traces the history of the freethought movement to discover the strategies that allowed it to endure and succeed in a fervently religious nation. Hoffman argues that American freethought has proceeded through four waves: a period of deism inspired by Thomas Paine's The Age of Reason and allied with Jeffersonian republicanism in the 1790s; a revival in 1825 that centered on the celebration of Paine's birthday and drew in the followers of utopian socialist Robert Owen; a "golden age of freethought" in the late 1870s that saw an unprecedented explosion of freethought publications and organizations together with a demand for the separation of church and state; and a final resurgence in the 1920s that helped realize the remarkable series of twentieth-century Supreme Court decisions that created America's present conditions of secularism. Hoffman argues that the freethought movement was successful because it united people with a wide variety of religious outlooks—including deists, pantheists, Unitarians, Universalists, spiritualists, transcendentalists, Humanists, agnostics, and atheists—behind the idea that religion is freer and the state is more just when the government refrains from religious involvement.
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69,49 €
V kategórii populárno - náučné encyklopédie nájdete široký výber kníh, ktoré vám poskytnú poznatky z rôznych oblastí zaujímavým a zrozumiteľným spôsobom. Encyklopédie vám pomôžu získať komplexný prehľad o rôznych témach, ako ľudské telo a človek, príroda, vesmír, veda a technika a história.
Naša ponuka encyklopédií populárno-náučného charakteru vám umožní objaviť fascinujúci svet poznania a rozšíriť svoje vedomosti o rôznych témach.
