Najnovšie - Encyklopédie populárno-náučné - História strana 28 z 168
História 
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Vesmír, veda a technika 
Ľudské telo, človek 
Encyklopédie - ostatné
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Nourishing Networks
For much of the Crescent City''s history, days began with the cries of roaming street vendors and the percussive thwack of butchers'' meat cleavers echoing out from the municipal markets. Generations of New Orleanians--Black and white, enslaved and free, men and women, wealthy and working class--gathered in public to feed the city. In Nourishing Networks, historian Ashley Rose Young illuminates the central role of food in shaping the vibrant culture of New Orleans. While the city''s dynamic culinary scene fostered bonds between some communities, under the surface, groups viciously vied for control over who bought and sold food and where they could do it. Young traces the intricate systems of food vendors and their customers, and how those relationships were affected by race, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. She shows how vendors and customers alike exercised considerable influence over the city''s food economy and the laws that regulated it by negotiating prices, shaping taste preferences, liaising with government officials, and even openly defying ordinances they felt were unfair. The power each group gained and lost determined the success of their businesses, the well-being of their families, and their ability to shape food retail and local laws to meet their needs.Nourishing Networks vividly depicts a city that throughout its history has struggled to feed its population safely and affordably, and in documenting those challenges, it offers lessons for building a better food future.
Arisaig and Morar
Arisiag and Morar, Norse and Gaelic, the 'river-mouth bay' and the 'great water', part of na garbh Chriochan (The Rough Bounds), an area so rugged and desolate it was itself known as the Highlands of the Highlands. From Borrodale (fort-dale) to Kilmory (Maelrubha's chapel), from Druimindarroch (oak-tree ridge) to Eireagoraidh (shieling-corrie), the place-names echo the story of the landscape. This harsh environment was at the heart of the old Macruari and Clanranald estate; this was where Bonnie Prince Charlie first landed and last departed, where fugitive Jacobites skulked and languished, where the great poet Alexander Macdonald breathed his last lines, and whence the sail-ships Jane, Lucy and British Queen carried so many hopes to the New World. Where, despite clearance and emigration, potato blight and deer forest, poverty and hardship, a new road and railway were eventually driven, a fishing industry flourished, and where communities survived.
Highland Homespun
In May 1933 Margaret Leigh took over the tenancy of Achnabo farm, in a beautiful corner of the West Highlands overlooking the isle of Skye. In this unsentimental yet exquisitely written book, she recounts a year of farming life there, from the burning of the land and ploughing in March, through planting and sowing in April to haymaking and harvesting in September. Incidental details – such as a visit to the smithy, the arrival of some new bulls and the annual journey of the cows to the summer shielings – provide fascinating insights into farming life. Local characters and customs feature too, adding another rich dimension to this reflective and poignant memoir of a world now vanished forever.
The Lordship of Galloway
In viewing Galloway from the wider context of the northern British mainland, Irish Sea and wider Hebridean zone, it has been possible to explore the dynamics of state-building, dynastic interactions, and the close inter-relationships of the territories connected by the western seaways, which most traditional ’national’ histories obscure. From this wider perspective, the development of the lordship of Galloway can be considered in the context of the spreading power and regional rivalries of English, Irish and Scottish kings, and a reassessment of the emergence of the unitary lordship controlled by Fergus of Galloway and his family. Traditional interpretations of the relationship of Fergus and his successors with the kings of England and Scotland are challenged and new light is thrown on the beginnings of the processes of progressive domination of Galloway by, and integration into, the kingdom of the Scots. The end of the autonomous lordship in the 1230s is projected against the backdrop of the aggressive state-building activities of King Alexander II and the transformation of its rulers from independently minded princes and warlords into Anglo-Scottish barons.
Tales of the Morar Highlands
Beyond Fort William, on the road to the Isles, lies Morar, the 'Highlands of the Highlands' and centre of the 'Rough Bounds', that wild, desolate, but uniquely beautiful part of Scotland that was once the homeland of the Clan Macdonald of Clanranald, Lords of the Isles. Inspired by bards, writers and images of the past, Alasdair Roberts has collected and revitalised a huge number of traditional tales which transport the reader to the heart of this remote and beguiling landscape. Tales of the Morar Highlands is a book packed with extraordinary incident and remarkable characters, from mysterious loch monsters and fugitive princes to lords, priests and smugglers, as well as the ordinary people who have made this fascinating part of Scotland their home for thousands of years.
Sum of Us
'A masterpiece of storytelling' Robert Winder Georgina Sturge, House of Commons Library statistician and author of the critically acclaimed Bad Data, explores the rich history of the times the UK has counted itself - from the revolutionary first census of 1801 to modern worries over technological surveillance. Condensing a whole society into numbers brought hidden problems to light: mapping cholera deaths in Soho led researchers to a single deadly water pump; Florence Nightingale stunned the Victorian establishment with her diagrams showing disease was the soldier's hidden enemy; and the discovery that industries like firework-making were almost entirely staffed by women helped improve workers' rights. Full of fascinating social detail, Sum of Us draws out the human stories captured in the vast tangle of data the UK has collected over two centuries. It provides a vital snapshot not of who we imagine ourselves to be - but who we really are.
Spade Among the Rushes
One of very few books available on Moidart in the north-west of Scotland, it evokes the enchanted, magical beauty of this much-loved area of the country. Margaret Leigh was already a successful author when her longing for freedom and independence led to her decision to become a crofter in the West Highlands. These memoirs describe her attempts to transform a deserted croft into a home, and her struggles to snatch land back from the wilderness. Although far from the Blitz, the effects of the war are felt throughout the Highlands, and the rationing of food and vital materials, the battles with bureaucrats who had no understanding of a crofter’s needs, and even the appearance of a Nazi mine off the coast, all frustrate Margaret Leigh’s efforts. But despite the hardships, the land and the people of the Highlands gave her a contentment and happiness she had never known before.
Pioneers, Settlers, Villagers, and Warriors: Excavations at Ronaldsway Airport, Isle of Man
During 2008 and 2009, Oxford Archaeology completed an extensive campaign of archaeological excavation at Ronaldsway Airport, Isle of Man, as part of a programme of runway and taxiway extension, and other airport improvements, undertaken by the Isle of Man Airport Division (part of the Isle of Man Government Department of Transport). This investigation uncovered a range of highly significant archaeological remains that complement other important discoveries made at the airport in the mid-twentieth century, which have figured prominently in discussions of the archaeology of the island.This volume presents details of these recent discoveries, which included an extremely rare Mesolithic dwelling dating to the end of the ninth millennium cal BC, representing the island’s earliest known house, along with Mesolithic pits and artefact scatters. Other important discoveries included Neolithic and earlier Bronze Age timber structures, and well-preserved elements of a later Bronze Age ‘village’, which contained domestic roundhouses, ancillary buildings, and workshops engaged in the casting of bronze and lead objects. Evidence relating to an unenclosed Iron Age settlement was also identified, as well as two important Iron Age burials, one of which contained an Iron Age ‘warrior’ who had been graphically killed during an act of interpersonal violence. Other recorded remains, dated to the later medieval and postmedieval periods and furnish evidence for the form of the agricultural landscape that existed prior to the construction of the modern airport.This volume is the result of a multi-disciplinary approach to the archaeology, involving detailed analyses of buried remains, artefacts, and environmental remains, with the work of a range of authors from Oxford Archaeology, as well as several external specialists. The results greatly enhance an understanding of the archaeology of the Isle of Man, and, more generally, provide important information on prehistoric settlement, contacts, and connections in the Irish Sea region, and along Britain’s western seaboard.
The Origins of the Scottish Railway System
By comparison with their English counterparts, Scottish nineteenth-century railways have suffered from a degree of neglect by economic historians. Most of the existing literature is written for the railway enthusiast, concentrating mainly on topography, mechanical developments and entertaining episodes. Few of these books cover the whole of Scotland and most are treatments of single companies or of particular dramatic events. This study covers the earliest period of Scottish railway history, from the years of the first waggonway developments in the eighteenth century to the advent of the railway mania of the 1840s. It concentrates on the planning and formation of the various railways, the problems and achievements associated with their construction, and the financial records of the companies up to 1844. The first two chapters cover the horse-drawn waggonways of the eighteenth century and the coal railways of the early nineteenth century, while Chapters 3–5 cover the railways of the 1830s and 1840s.
Policing on Drugs
Today, images of cartels, security agents donning face coverings, graphs depicting egregious murder rates, and military guards at US border crossings influence the world''s perception of Mexico. Mexico''s so-called drug war, as generally conceived by journalists and academics, was the product of recent cartel turf wars, the end of the PRI''s single party rule in 2000, and enhanced US border security measures post-9/11. These explanations are compelling, but they overlook state actions beginning in the 1970s that set the foundation for drug violence over the longer term.In Policing on Drugs, Aileen Teague chronicles a largely ignored but critical prehistory of intensified bilateral antidrug efforts by exploring their origins and inherent contradictions in Mexico. Beginning in the 1960s, US leaders externalized their aggressive domestic drug control practices by forcing junior partners such as Mexico into adopting their policies. Leaders on both sides of the border situated counternarcotics within a larger paradigm of militarized policing, which increased the power and influence of the military and aggressive counternarcotics in both countries. However, different security imperatives motivated US and Mexican agents, complicating enforcement in Mexico. Between 1969 and 2000, Mexico''s embrace of America''s punitive antidrug policies strengthened the coercive capacities of the Mexican state, exacerbated crime, and were so ineffective in an era of open trade blocs that they hastened the expansion of the drug trade.Drawing on such sources as records from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the US State Department, interviews with key officials, accounts from Mexican journalists, and rarely seen Mexican intelligence reports, Teague relates the war on drugs as a transnational story with deep historical roots in US and Mexican conceptions of policing and security. The negative impacts of US-led counternarcotics policies in Mexico can be attributed to the complex relationship between the United States'' and Mexico''s shared approach to the drug war--with critical implications for present-day relations.
Future by the Sea: Engaging with Maritime Archaeological Research during the Climate Emergency
Heritage assets in and around aquatic environments have already been impacted by climate change effects. Coastal erosion, extreme storminess, storm surges, tidal, fluvial and pluvial flooding, sea-level rise, sea-temperature increase, ocean acidification, frequently in combination with droughts and rising temperatures, and other climate change effects threaten and damage archaeological sites, historic landscapes and buildings. Concurrently, the decline of traditional maritime livelihoods, such as fishing and shipbuilding, and the rise of unsustainable tourism, along with the loss of associated local knowledge within communities and their empirical understanding of maritime regions, have isolated people from their surrounding natural environment and increased their vulnerability to environmental and socioeconomic shocks. This edited volume features projects that have taken action to record, monitor and protect maritime heritage in the face of the climate emergency. The eight chapters showcase completed or ongoing initiatives from distinct parts of the world that illustrate how the discipline of maritime archaeology can contribute to climate action, sustainability, adaptation and climate resilience, while also helping to mitigate some of the risks that heritage is experiencing due to the climate breakdown. While recognising the limitations and challenges brought up by climate change and its socio-economic implications, as well as the defunding of the archaeology and heritage sectors, the projects presented in this book show how talented early career scholars and practitioners can make substantial contributions to communities through volunteering work, small grants, and project-specific academic funding. Overall, each chapter proves how small-scale, local initiatives by passionate people can make a large impact.
Ogres in the Sky
Zeppelins were the biggest aircraft ever built and Germany led the way in their use as a weapon of war. In 1915 the German Kaiser authorised air attacks against Britain and Essex found itself in the firing line. Not only were its towns targets in their own right but it also lay on one of the main air routes to London and Zeppelins who failed to reach the capital often jettisoned their bombs on its population as they returned to base. The raids were greeted with a mixture of fear and fascination. Despite official warnings and the risk of death or injury, as bombing began crowds thronged the streets to witness the unfolding drama. High above them Zeppelin crews battled lack of oxygen and intense cold. Flying without parachutes, if they were shot down they faced a terrible decision as their airship plunged to earth in flames – should they jump or burn? Many jumped. This book tells the incredible story of the World War I Zeppelin raids on Essex, illustrated with contemporary photographs and other images from the time.
Quirky Swansea
Behind Swansea’s familiar streets and sweeping bay lies another city: one of heroic dogs, vanished chapels, haunted pubs, and seaside legends. Quirky Swansea uncovers the stories that give this city its distinctive character, celebrating the people, places and moments that make Abertawe unlike anywhere else. From roaring rugby and football stadiums, beloved local food, seafront promenades, and iconic landmarks, every corner of Swansea brims with life and history. Step inside Gower’s ancient painted caves, meet the fighter ace who outwitted the Nazis, and uncover the hidden feats of trailblazing women, explorers, and musicians. The city also has its uncanny side: the skull-headed Mari Lwyd that parades through winter streets, the cursed Swansea Devil statue that watches over bombed ruins, and fairy folk that dance on moonlit hills.Quirky Swansea lifts the lid on the hidden stories of a city shaped by the sea, its people, and a proud tradition of doing things its own way.
Suffolk's Military Heritage
For centuries, Suffolk’s rural and urban landscape has been shaped by conflict; from Celtic tribes and the Roman Empire, Anglo-Saxons and Viking raiders, Norman invaders to local rebellions. Suffolk’s shoreline has defended against Dutch and French invasions, and coastal defences can still be today. The county was once again on the frontline during the First and Second World Wars, enduring attacks by air while preparing again for assaults by sea. Over the centuries Suffolk also became home to numerous military units: the renowned Suffolk Regiment and is predecessors fought in campaigns all over the world, while members of the US Army Air Force served at airfields scattered across the county during the Second World War. The county has retained physical connections to its military past, from fortifications and buildings to memorials. Weaponry and munitions were designed and manufactured in Suffolk, the county and its inhabitants endured attack from the air, homes were requisitioned, and latterly bunkers built against the threat of nuclear attack.This book provides a fascinating insight into the events, people and places which represent Suffolk’s military heritage. It will be of interest to all those who would like to know more about Suffolk’s remarkable military history.
Stafford: A Potted History
Stafford’s history can be traced back to an Anglo Saxon settlement, when it became the county town of Staffordshire. The Normans built a castle in the town and a priory was founded nearby. The two mediaeval churches in the centre of the town also survive from this period. Stafford was fought over during the Civil War and was eventually captured by Parliamentary forces. In later centuries Stafford’s wealth grew from industries such as shoemaking and later engineering, and the arrival of the canal network through the River Sow Navigation and the railway in the nineteenth century. Stafford’s history also features its military connections, the story of crime and its punishment in the town and recreation, not least the foundation of the Stafford Rangers Football Club in 1876 and the opening of Victoria Park in 1908.Illustrated throughout, this accessible historical portrait of the transformation that Stafford has undergone through the ages will be of great interest to residents, visitors and all those with links to the area.
Belfastmen
Belfastmen reconstructs the everyday experiences of queer men in a region infamous for its recent history of intolerance, violence, and religious homophobia to show how queer lives before the gay rights movement were not only possible but also rich, exciting, and fulfilling. Irish churches and governmental authorities found the topic of sex between men unmentionable and imagined such vice as a problem only found in decadent and degenerate societies abroad. Belfastmen shows how this tacit ignorance and public silence paradoxically enabled male queerness to flourish with only rare exposure, condemnation, or regulation. Tom Hulme traces the intimate lives of men across time, space, and self-understanding: their meeting places, their sexual and romantic relationships, the scientific and social models of desire they used to define themselves, and the responses to them from families, neighborhoods, and the law. From Belfast's industrial boom in the late nineteenth century to the social transformations accompanying WWII, Belfastmen reveals how homosexuality finally emerged as a recognized social problem in the 1950s. Only then did Northern Ireland start to transform into the expressively homophobic society of the more recent past.
A-Z of Dorchester
Boasting the most number of listed buildings in any British High Street the historic market town of Dorchester is an explorer’s delight. Archaeologists have found more Roman mosaics here than any other Roman town in Britain, and Dorchester also sports one of the best preserved Iron Age hill forts in Europe, a fully exposed Roman Town House, and a converted Roman amphitheatre. Judge Jefferies held his Bloody Assizes in Dorchester and two centuries later the Tolpuddle Martyrs from a nearby village were sentenced to deportation to Australia. Literary figures have also found inspiration from living in or visiting Dorchester, not least Thomas Hardy. The town is also home to a fascinating Dinosaur Museum.A-Z of Dorchester reveals the history behind Dorchester, its streets and buildings, businesses and the people connected with the town. Alongside the famous historical connections, are unusual characters, tucked away places and unique events that are less well-known. It is fully illustrated with photography and will appeal to all those with an interest in this historic Dorset town.
A Walk through Southampton
In 1805 the antiquarian and astronomer Sir Henry Englefield wrote a beautifully illustrated walking tour leading readers through the streets of Southampton. He offered insights into the city’s fascinating historical past, including some fanciful stories about the buildings he was exploring. Since then, much of the fabric of the city has changed with many of the elements he highlighted having been removed through the slum clearances of the twentieth century and bombing during the Second World War. In this book, we retrace Sir Henry’s footsteps and examine key city sites, such as the Bargate, Watergate, the town walls, Church of All Saints, Holy Rood Church, the medieval friary and sugar house, and the medieval vaults, as well as other curiosities he mentions, such as a cannon of Henry VIII and the arms granted by Elizabeth I.Featuring a vivid selection of fascinating illustrations and 3D images and links to the city’s museum collections, here the Southampton of the past is brought to life. Join us on a walking tour through the historic town and find out how the city of Southampton has changed over the past 200 years.
Resistance
The Corps franc Pommies (CFP) was founded on 17 November 1942 by its namesake André Pommies. It operated in southwestern France, becoming one of the largest and most important Resistance units in the south. After initial work in sabotage of rail and road networks, factories and power plants, on 15 April 1944 it sabotaged the Hispano-Suiza factory in Soues in the Hautes-Pyrénées, forestalling Allied bombing of the factory and the inevitable collateral damage.This was no small covert cell: the CFP mobilized some 12,000 combatants to support the D-Day landings. Its harassment of the Gestapo, the fascist Milice, and other Occupation forces turned the area around Toulouse into a no-man’s land for the Nazis. The CFP linked up with the newly formed French 1st Army during the advance into central France and fought in the brutal campaign to liberate Alsace. It participated in the Rhine crossings, the march on Stuttgart, and the French occupation of Germany, becoming the first French regiment to occupy Berlin.
Pridajte sa k nám na ceste časom s našou komplexnou kolekciou encyklopédií zaoberajúcich sa históriou. Táto kategória obsahuje všetko od praveku až po súčasnosť. Študujte historické udalosti, významné osobnosti, dôležité civilizácie a momenty, ktoré formovali svet, v ktorom žijeme dnes. Ideálne pre študentov, učiteľov, ako aj pre všeobecných historických nadšencov, naše encyklopédie sú zdrojom nevyčerpaných informácií a zábavného poznávania.
Mnohé encyklopédie sú bohato ilustrované, čo umožňuje čitateľom lepšie vizualizovať a porozumieť historickým udalostiam a obdobiam.
