Najnovšie - Encyklopédie populárno-náučné strana 65 z 183
História 
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Vesmír, veda a technika 
Ľudské telo, človek 
Encyklopédie - ostatné
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Breaking the Bonds of Fate
The immanent dialectic of the ancient Greek materialist philosopher, Epicurus (341-270 BCE), helped inspire Karl Marx, and formed the subject of his doctoral dissertation. Marx’s detailed study of Epicurus led him to develop his own materialist dialectic in distinction to the idealist philosophy of G.W.F. Hegel. Until now, however, there has been no full scholarly treatment of the relation of Epicurus to Marx, paying equal attention to both thinkers and examining the long-term impact of Epicureanism on Marxist thought. Breaking the Bonds of Fate: Epicurus and Marx fills this gap. Taking into consideration today’s revolution in the understanding of Epicurus—resulting from the recovery of fragments of his major work On Nature in the carbonized papyri that survived the burying in volcanic ash of the Roman town Herculaneum when Mt. Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE—it demonstrates that this new interpretation corresponds closely to Marx’s nineteenth-century treatment of Epicurus. The result is to fundamentally transform our contemporary understanding of both Epicurus and Marx. The last (though logically the first) book to be written in a trilogy that also includes John Bellamy Foster’s Marx’s Ecology: Materialism and Nature (2000) and his The Return of Nature: Socialism and Ecology (2020), Breaking the Bonds of Fate: Epicurus and Marx provides a detailed historical and textual analysis grounding the argument of all three works. Not only does this clarify Marx’s relation to materialism and ecology, but also his analysis of the of freedom and necessity. Both Epicurus’ philosophy and that of Marx are given new meaning in our time, highlighting questions of substantive equality, dialectical naturalism, and sustainable community.
Japanese Aircraft Carriers
The Imperial Japanese Navy was an early proponent of naval air power and commissioned the world’s first purpose-designed aircraft carrier, the Hosho, in 1922. There followed a series of one-off designs of widely different sizes, some converted from capital ships, some designed as such from scratch, but no two of them alike until the Shokaku class completed just before the outbreak of the Pacific War. As with much Japanese warship design in the 1930s, these ships often exhibited highly original thinking, with some unique experiments like placing the island on the port side in a couple of ships.Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese carrier forces dominated the naval war but the catastrophic losses at Midway in June 1942 forced the IJN into many makeshift measures to rebuild carrier numbers, including converting both naval auxiliaries and merchant ships, and producing an austere design of fleet carrier intended for series production.The technical characteristics of all these 29 ships are covered by individual chapters in this book, illustrated with plans, photos and colour artwork. There is a general introduction to naval aviation policy and a summary of the carrier actions in the Pacific War, with appendices on weaponry, radar, camouflage schemes and naval aircraft.Despite the importance of Japanese aircraft carriers, they are not well covered in English, so this book, with its wealth of detail in a concise format, fills a real need.
The Norfolks at Gallipoli 12 August 1915
On 12 August 1915 the 1/5th Battalion Norfolks advanced on Kuchuk Anafarta Ova on the Suvla Plain at Gallipoli. They never returned. An official report stated they had been ‘lost to sight and sound’. Using previously unseen records, photographs, diaries, accounts and letters, Steve Smith has conducted the first thorough investigation into what truly happened at Kuchuk Anafarta Ova on 12 August 1915. His research has led him to Turkish archives, where he has uncovered accounts of troops who faced the advancing 1/5th Battalion—accounts that debunk the myth of a mass slaughter in cold blood. To substantiate the written sources, Smith has combed the battlefield on foot, charting the course of the day’s events in a series of new maps. The Norfolks at Gallipoli 12 August 1915: Truth and Myth is the definitive account of what became of the 16 officers and 250 men of the 1/5th Battalion who climbed over the parapet on that fateful day. It is also a battlefield guide for those who want to explore, down at trench level, the ground on which this extraordinary episode of the Gallipoli campaign took place.
Seeking the Saxon Shore
In the later third century AD, the outer reaches of the Roman Empire were being threatened on all sides by hostile powers. Along the southern and eastern coasts of Britain, a series of ten, possibly twelve, vast fortified enclosures were built beside strategic harbours to defend against external threats, mainly from Germanic marauders. Through sixteen centuries impressive vestiges of most of them have survived, although three have vanished virtually without trace. Several became the sites of Norman castles, others have associations with early Christianity, all have a story to tell. Taking the reader from the colossal surviving fort at Portchester in Hampshire to the empty, windswept site of Brancaster on the north Norfolk coast, Seeking the Saxon Shore is both a practical guide to locating and exploring these ancient sites and a handbook for bringing them to life. In describing the origins of the forts, their ancient settings, their functions and subsequent histories, this compelling guide will enable the reader, in the modern landscape, to recognise and visualise the distant past.
Hitler’s Holocaust in the Ukraine 1941-1944
Prior to the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, Ukraine was home to one of the largest Jewish populations in Europe. It is estimated that almost one million Jews were murdered in the Ukraine between 1941 – 1944. Many of those Jews killed in 1941 were by the Einsatzgruppen death squads, Order Police Battalions, Ukrainian Police Auxiliary units, collaborators and Wehrmacht forces. Most of those people executed were killed close to where they lived.Holocaust in the Ukraine tells the plight of the Jewish community in the Ukraine and the mass killings that took place there. It shows how German forces occupied a large part of German-occupied Ukraine, and incorporated it into what was known as the Reichskommissariat Ukraine.Within a week of the German invasion of the Ukraine police units and their auxiliaries, under the guidance of members of the Einsatzgruppen began murdering Jewish communities. There were various massacres including Babyn Yar where some 33,000 Jews were executed during a two-day period in August 1941.One of the first massacres in the Ukraine was ordered only days after the start of the German invasion known as the Lviv pogroms where 6,000 Jews were murdered by Einsatzgruppen and Ukrainian nationalist. This was followed by other wholesale murders which included the Kamianets-Podilsky massacre where some 23,000 residents were killed. Other killings too included the Pavoloch, Berdychiv, Odessa Artemivsk Sarny massacrews and numerous other killings across the country.With detailed captions and text together with a host of rare photographs, this Images of War book is an important study of how Ukraine was subjected to a Nazi policy of terror with an ideological goal of eradicating communism and destroying the Jews and the Ukrainians, who were all classed as sub-human.
The British Soldier
Many of us have at least one ancestor who served in the British Army during the Second World War. We probably know where they served and what regiment they served with but we are not aware of exactly how they became soldiers.The British Soldier: Training for War focuses on those who became infantry soldiers, commandos and paratroopers and the training they received in the British Isles to fight ''at the sharp end'' of combat all over the world during the years 1939 to 1945.Drawing on contemporary training manuals, battalion histories, magazines and newspaper articles, personal memoirs, regimental museum archives, declassified military files and interviews with those who experienced wartime military training first-hand, a vivid and authentic account is presented of training from ''square bashing'' and skill at arms to the evolution of battle schools, assault courses, battle drill and significant training exercises.All infantrymen were trained hard but it gave them the skills, fighting spirit, endurance and confidence they needed in themselves, their comrades and their unit when in battle. By the end of the Second World War, nearly three million men had served in the British Army. Every one of them had to be trained to become soldiers. This is their story.
Tank Craft 46 Panther Medium Tank German Army Waffen-SS and Luftwaffe Units
During the spring and summer of 1944 a series of Soviet offensives, culminating in Operation Bagration which was launched on 22 June, threatened to destroy the entire German army on the Eastern Front. As infantry units scrambled to hold makeshift defensive positions the mobile Panzer battalions were the only formations that were able to plug the increasing number of gaps in the frontline. One of the most important weapons in the Wehrmacht''s arsenal at that time was the Pzkpfw V Panther tank which had gone into combat for the first time in July 1943. Armed with a powerful 7.5cm main gun, these tanks were capable of penetrating the armour of the strongest Soviet designs and it was planned that every Panzer regiment would eventually contain a battalion of these impressive vehicles. In his latest volume in the TankCraft series Dennis Oliver continues the story of these remarkable vehicles using archive photos and extensively researched colour illustrations to examine the Panther battalions that fought to hold back the Red Army''s push to the borders of Germany during 1944. A key section of his book displays available model kits and aftermarket products, complemented by a gallery of beautifully constructed and painted models in various scales. Technical details as well as modifications introduced during production and in the field are also examined providing everything the modeller needs to recreate an accurate representation of these historic tanks.
The Suffragette Story and the Pankhurst Family
With their founding of the suffragette movement and passionate pursuit of votes for women, Emmeline Pankhurst and her three daughters—Christabel, Sylvia and Adela—forever altered the course of British history.This book offers a compelling exploration of their pivotal role in the women’s suffrage movement while uncovering the personal stories behind these trailblazing women. What motivated this post-Victorian middle-class family to risk everything—their reputations, their livelihoods, even their very lives—for the cause of female suffrag? hrough an intimate examination of their relationships with one another, as well as with those who inspired and challenged them, this book reveals the love, resentments and ruthlessness that stirred these four women into action.Emmeline and her daughters were far from alone in the fight for suffrage, and the contributions of many of the exceptional women and men who supported them are highlighted here.Nevertheless, it is the Pankhurst’s extraordinary journey that lies at the heart of this story. Above all, this is a look into one remarkable family whose struggles and sacrifices ultimately left a lasting mark on history.
The Roman Empire in Crisis, 248–260
This book is a narrative history of a dozen years of turmoil that begins with Rome’s millennium celebrations of 248 CE and ends with the capture of the emperor Valerian by the Persians in 260. It was a period of almost unremitting disaster for Rome, involving a series of civil wars, several major invasions by Goths and Persians, economic crisis, and an empire-wide pandemic, the ‘plague of Cyprian’. There was sustained persecution of the Christians. A central theme of the book is that this was a period of moral and spiritual crisis in which the traditional state religion suffered greatly in prestige, paving the way for the eventual triumph of Christianity.The sensational recent discovery of extensive fragments of the lost Scythica of Dexippus sheds much new light on the Gothic Wars of the period. The author has used this new evidence in combination with in-depth investigations in the field to develop a revised account of events surrounding the great Battle of Abritus where the army of the emperor Decius was annihilated by Cniva’s Goths. The reigns of the emperors Gallus, Aemilian and Valerian are treated in detail, and new ideas are presented regarding mysterious characters of the age such as Silbannacus and Sponsian.This period is pivotal for understanding the transition between Classical civilisation and the period known as Late Antiquity.
Luftwaffe Aces in the Battle of Britain
The term ?fighter ace? grew in prominence with the introduction and development of aerial combat in the First World War. The actual number of aerial victories required to officially qualify as an ?ace? has varied but is usually considered to be five or more.For the Luftwaffe, a number of its fighter pilots, many of whom had fought with the Legion Condor in Spain, had already gained their Experte, or ace, status in the Battle of France. However, many more would achieve that status in the hectic dogfights over southern England and the Channel during the Battle of Britain in the summer of 1940. A number would also be either killed or captured. Some of these men, individuals such as Adolf Galland, Werner Mölders, and Helmut Wick, who between them had claimed 147 aerial victories by 31 October 1940, are well-known, but most are less so.In this book, the story of each of the Luftwaffe?s 204 Messerschmitt Bf 109 ?aces? from the summer of 1940 is examined, with all of the individual biographies, detailing individual fates during the war, being highly-illustrated throughout. Original German records from the summer of 1940, have been examined, providing a definitive list of each pilot?s individual claims. It also covers, to a lesser extent, those forgotten fifty-three Messerschmitt Bf 110 pilots who also achieved ace status by day and also by night between 10 July and 31 October 1940.
Royal Childbirth in the Middle Ages
In 1441, Eleanor Cobham, Duchess of Gloucester, was convicted of trying to bring about King Henry VI`s death through witchcraft. Her defence was that she had simply tried to become pregnant with the help of a well-known wise woman, using sorcery only for this aim.While one of the most widely publicised cases of such a fertility treatment, it was certainly not the only one in the Middle Ages. In fact, due to the lack of knowledge surrounding not only fertility but also pregnancies and birth, there was a flourishing market offering spiritual and secular aids.This book provides a history of the concerns and the common problems for women struggling with fertility problems, being pregnant and giving birth, and looks especially at the religious and societal ramifications of these issues.
How to Survive in Ration Book Britain
This guide, How to Survive in Ration-Book Britain, will help the time-traveller who journeys back to mid-twentieth century Britain. From 1939 to 1945, the country is involved in World War Two and even after victory is achieved, Britain is cash-strapped and years of austerity follow. Throughout, food, clothing, fuel, furniture and items we take for granted today are rationed and people are scrimping, scraping and using their imagination just to get by.As cities and towns are bombed, lives lost and homes destroyed, men are called to serve the country, children are evacuated and women are expected to ‘do their bit’ on the ‘Home Front’, maintaining the house as a place of welcome, boosting morale and stretching meagre food allowances to keep everyone fed and fit. This is no easy life yet people find lighter moments and ‘carry on carrying on’. Whatever the disaster, somebody will find a way to make tea. The English ‘cuppa’ is the answer to almost every problem. You have to admire their spirit.Enjoy the experience as this book helps you to survive the hazards and live life to the full in Ration-Book Britain.
Great Battles of the Punic Wars
The three Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage (264-241, 218-201 and 149-146) were among the most significant and bitterly contested wars of the Classical period. The second war famously pitted the Romans against the genius of Hannibal Barca, whose invasion of Italy brought Rome to the brink of destruction, until the equal genius of Scipio Africanus proved his nemesis. Ultimately it was Carthage that was destroyed and Rome went on to dominate the Mediterranean region.Philip Matyszak studies over twenty battles from these epic conflicts, including some of the most famous battles in history, such as Cannae (216 BC) and Zama (201 BC), including naval battles as well as sieges and field battles. Thoroughly researched but written in a lively narrative style, each account gives the strategic context of the battle, analyses the forces involved, their deployments and the course of the fighting before considering its aftermath. Dozens of clear tactical maps make the action easy to follow.
Ancient Greek Oracular Texts
This book offers a comprehensive and systematic—rather than historical—approach to ancient Greek oracular texts, showing their conceptual and formal unity and patternization, as well as their meaningful diversity. It provides even coverage of both oracular texts ascribed to major institutions, including Delphi, Dodona, Didyma, Clarus, and Abonoteichus, and those attributed to mythical poets such as the Sibyl, Bacis, and Musaeus. Chapters analyse the metre and phraseology of the texts and how they were recorded, transmitted, archived, and collected, as well as their narrative functions and authors. It also takes into account the later reception of Greek oracular texts: ‘theological oracles’; epigraphically attested lot oracles (dice and alphabet oracles); three extant Greek oracular texts which survived from the Libri Sibyllini of the Roman Republic; adoptions into—or imitations in—Latin literature of Greek oracular texts. With a lengthy appendix offering relevant texts in ancient Greek and English, readers gain a fuller understanding of the linguistic nuances and conventions of such texts and their place in the wider corpus of Greek literature. The volume provides a fascinating resource and reassessment of oracular texts, suitable for students and scholars working on Greek and Roman oracles, divination, and ancient religion more broadly, as well as classicists, archaeologists, theologians, and epigraphists.
The Curse of Empire
Russia's attack on Ukraine marks an epochal break in European and global history. Undoubtedly, the decision to go to war is closely linked to one person, Vladimir Putin, but Russia's war is not driven solely by one man's power calculations. We can only make sense of Russia's actions in Ukraine, argues the distinguished historian Martin Schulze Wessel, by putting them in the broader context of the history of Russian imperialism and the influence it continues to exert today. Schulze Wessel argues that Russian imperialism was shaped by Russia's relationship to Poland and Ukraine. These states were absorbed or partitioned by Russia in the eighteenth century, but Russia's rule over them was contested both by the Poles and by the Ukrainians. The entangled history of these three states produced path dependencies whose impact is still felt toda. Poland and Ukraine share a common history characterized by Russian domination and Polish and Ukrainian resistance to it; just as the Polish question challenged the Russian Empire in previous centuries, so too does the Ukrainian question today. Schulze Wessel argues that, as a result of Russia's confrontation with the Polish and Ukrainian questions, Russia's national identity merged with imperial claims in ways that were pernicious and consequential – the curse of empire. By placing the war in Ukraine in the context of an era of Russian imperialism that spans three centuries, this book sheds new light on one of the bloodiest and most destructive conflicts of our time. Also available as an audiobook.
Deadline
In Deadline: 200 Years of Violence against Journalists in the United States, Elizabeth Atwood offers the first comprehensive look at the history of fatal attacks against journalists in the United States between 1829 and the present. Atwood describes the political, technological, and economic context of these assaults, and includes brief biographies of the victims and accounts of what happened both them and to their assailants after the attacks. To help us understand these attacks, Atwood presents a framework for categorizing them, built on John Nerone’s studies on assaults on American media workers. Atwood categorizes attacks against journalists as attacks against individuals, ideas, and media institutions, and undertaken to suppress reporting on certain topics and in the context of wars and other international or conflicts. Crucially, Deadline utilizes this framework to offer possible solutions to the issue of violence against journalists. Atwood was inspired to explore the pressing issue of violence against American journalists after the tragic death of one of her colleagues at the Baltimore Sun, Rob Hiaasen, in the Capital Gazette shooting in 2018. Throughout, she demonstrates that distrust of the media and violence against the press in the United States are hardly new developments. Her work examines how intimidation, violence, and censorship have, in fact, been used against the American press since both its and the nation’s founding.
Epic Earth
Earth’s history isn’t just ancient — it’s absolutely epic.From viral science creator Lindsay Nikole comes a bold, hilarious, and wildly fascinating journey through the history of our planet — packed with bizarre creatures, jaw-dropping facts, and all the chaotic drama Earth has to offer.Known for turning TikTok and YouTube into her own digital science classroom, Lindsay brings her signature energy and storytelling to Epic Earth — a book that transforms 4.6 billion years of history—from the Precambrian era until the present— into an unforgettable adventure.This is the story of Earth like you’ve never seen it before — from the first spark of life to prehistoric monsters to the rise of humans… and all the weird stuff in between. This book takes you through every era of the Earth’s history.Meet some prehistoric creatures too weird for Hollywood:Opabinia — a five-eyed, backward-facing, vacuum-nozzle-mouthed oddball that looks like it lost a bet with evolutionAnomalocaris — a giant ocean predator with sideways-facing claws (basically nightmare shrimp)Aegirocassis — a filter-feeding sea giant Lindsay calls “absolutely grotesque”Titanoboa — the largest snake to ever exist (yes, it could eat you)Smilodon — the legendary saber-toothed cat with a bite far scarier than its Instagram profile would suggestPlus: ancient sharks, giant bugs, and way too many creatures with way too many teethIn Epic Earth, you’ll uncover:The chaotic early days of Earth (volcanoes, meteors, and non-stop disaster)Paleozoic oceans teeming with alien-like lifeThe rise and fall of dinosaurs (plus some you''ve never heard of)Mass extinctions that hit like plot twistsIce Ages, megafauna, and why prehistoric animals were so extraHow life survived again and again — and how we fit into the storyThe history of Earth is a wild ride. Let Lindsay Nikole be your guide.Perfect for:Fans of Lindsay Nikole’s TikToks, YouTube videos, and animal contentCurious readers ages 10 and upScience lovers, animal nerds, dino-obsessed kids (and adults)Classrooms, science teachers, and homeschool families Anyone who loves fun facts, wild creatures, and epic storytelling
Scotland's Stone of Destiny
Scotland''s ''Stone of Destiny'' is the most famous symbol of both Scottish nationhood and the British monarchy. Nick Aitchison has produced the first fully researched and illustrated study of its history, mythology and cultural significance.Having first traced the origin, evolution and function of myths surrounding the Stone and the ancient prophecy that gives the Stone its name, he examines the stone itself and for the first time reveals the Stone''s original function and the origins of its symbolic sanctity. The Stone''s historic contexts and its role in royal inauguration and coronation rituals are also discussed, including an analysis of the rich symbolism surrounding the Stone and its changing nature over time. The book concludes with a discussion of the Stone''s symbolic significance with the creation of the Scottish parliament.
World War II: Book of Lists
Everything you ever wanted to know about the Second World War: from the highest-rated fighter aces to the most inventive escape equipment used to break out of Colditz; from army pay by rank to the largest battleships; from the most stirring speeches to the biggest tactical errors; from the strangest regimental mottoes to the plays most performed by ENSA; and from the dates each country joined the war to the most unlikely spies.All the major events and dates in the war are covered in detail, but equal emphasis is placed on the human experience of combat. Often poignant and always revealing, World War II: the Book of Lists offers a unique insight into the deadliest conflict in human history.
V kategórii populárno - náučné encyklopédie nájdete široký výber kníh, ktoré vám poskytnú poznatky z rôznych oblastí zaujímavým a zrozumiteľným spôsobom. Encyklopédie vám pomôžu získať komplexný prehľad o rôznych témach, ako ľudské telo a človek, príroda, vesmír, veda a technika a história.
Naša ponuka encyklopédií populárno-náučného charakteru vám umožní objaviť fascinujúci svet poznania a rozšíriť svoje vedomosti o rôznych témach.
