Najnovšie - Encyklopédie populárno-náučné strana 7 z 183
História 
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Ľudské telo, človek 
Encyklopédie - ostatné
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To Save Us All from Slavery''s Power
A dramatic reappraisal and retelling of the destruction of the American Union To Save Us All from Slavery's Power is a novel assessment of the culmination of the sectional crisis before the Civil War. It is a story of mutual misunderstanding, journalistic mendacity, and irreconcilable visions of the country's future. With threats of disunion and rebellion rising in a thunderous chorus from the South in 1860, how could Republicans not have believed them until it was too late? As Summers shows, Republicans in 1860 found it difficult to take the disunionist threat seriously because they knew that their party posed no imminent danger to slavery where it existed. But by then Americans were living in different political realities, and white Southerners could not see Republicans as anything less than an existential threat. To Save Us All from Slavery's Power describes in dramatic detail how negative perceptions between the sections festered, and how the antagonism between them reached, and then went past, the breaking point.
The Living Declaration: A Biography of America''s Founding Text
INDEPENDENCE WAS ONLY THE BEGINNING: A historian and former presidential speechwriter traces the origins and legacy of the words and ideas that made America. Illustrations and close readings of 68 original texts offer new insights on the American Revolution, the Civil War, and other key moments and figures in American history.We hold these truths to be self-evident . . . all men are created equal . . . with certain inalienable rights . . . life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” 250 years after they were written, these words remain at once familiar and startling. What do they mean to us today? Do we understand them in the same way the Founders did? Historian and former presidential speechwriter Ted Widmer seeks to answer these questions by returning to where the nation’s story began, the Declaration of Independence, to trace the remarkable history of how it came to be and how it has shaped the democratic aspirations of Americans and others for more than two centuries. Weaving together more than sixty fascinating original texts, Widmer finds in the words of succeeding generations of Americans—radicals and conservatives, revolutionary insurgents and civil rights leaders, presidents and philosophers—the key to understanding the extraordinary durability of America’s founding ideas.An expert guide, Widmer introduces us to: the revolutionary writings that set the stage for the Declaration Noah Webster, of dictionary fame, offering a surprising definition of “equality”the true story of a fake declaration of independence “discovered” in Mecklenburg, North Carolina, in 1819 searing challenges to the Declaration’s philosophical claims by Frederick Douglass and Elizabeth Cady Stanton radically divergent readings of the Declaration that contributed to the Civil War, and Abraham Lincoln’s vision of a “new birth of freedom”the ways in which the Declaration inspired civil rights activists in the twentieth and twenty-first centurieshow the Declaration inspired democratic aspirations globally.The voices gathered here are impassioned and often disagree, but they are united in the belief that the Declaration has something crucial to tell us about the American people and the larger struggle for human freedom. “They speak to us,” Widmer writes, “and they talk to each other as well, in a conversation that will never end.”
Urban Infrastructure in Medieval England
How medieval English towns built, sustained, and reimagined the lifelines of urban life.In the bustling market towns and growing cities of medieval England between 1200 and 1600, public works were the lifelines of urban society. In Urban Infrastructure in Medieval England, Roberta J. Magnusson offers the first comprehensive study of how medieval towns built, financed, and sustained their defenses, bridges, streets, water systems, and harbors.Magnusson reveals how even modest communities, like the Warwickshire town of Atherstone, boldly pursued projects that reshaped their futures. Grants of tolls and taxes funded paving initiatives, bridge repairs, and fortified walls, while enterprising lords and abbots sponsored sluices, conduits, and quays. These efforts were not confined to England''s great cities; small towns with limited means also sought to enhance their competitive edge, even when such investments strained their resources. Drawing on royal records, municipal archives, and archaeological evidence, Magnusson situates these civic undertakings in their broader social and environmental contexts. She shows how townsmen adapted traditional obligations of labor and charity alongside innovative fiscal tools to sustain projects that could span generations. Yet the balance was fragile. The crises of the fourteenth century—famine, plague, and the harsher climate of the Little Ice Age—undermined local resources, leaving many communities to struggle with maintenance or watch their infrastructures decline.At once a history of engineering, economy, and community, this study illuminates how medieval people conceived of security, health, and prosperity through the material fabric of their towns. By tracing the rise, transformation, and survival of these infrastructures, Magnusson demonstrates how urban communities navigated centuries of change while shaping the very landscapes in which they lived.
The Criminal State
A sweeping history of the struggle to hold states to account for their gravest crimesThe Criminal State offers a gripping account of how law has confronted the most radical forms of state violence. Beautifully written, broad in scope, and bracingly original, it weaves history with political thought to trace the shifting legal response to state aggression and atrocities, from Leopold’s rule over the Congo to Putin’s war in Ukraine.At its heart is Lawrence Douglas’s fresh interpretation of the law’s reckoning with Nazi aggression and atrocity. He shows how the Nuremberg trials challenged centuries of thought—rooted in Hobbes and other canonical thinkers—that shielded sovereigns from legal scrutiny. Yet Nuremberg’s bid to frame aggression as the cornerstone of a new order of international criminal law largely failed, giving way to a system now centrally concerned with crimes against humanity and genocide—while leaving unresolved the legality and effectiveness of using force to stop the worst violations of human rights.Providing rare historical perspective on the dilemmas facing international courts, The Criminal State is a sweeping, provocative history of the struggle to bring perpetrators of state violence to justice.
Dějiny člověka - Kniha druhá
Další fascinující příběh Současného Člověka od počátků až po současnost. To, co nás neslo, už nestačí. Autoři Marty Q Nowak a Martin Kváča v druhém dílu Dějin Člověka pokračují tam, kde se věci přestávají vyslovovat nahlas a začínají být spíše tušeny, kde známé myšlenky mění význam a vracejí se jinak, než jak jsme je znali, a kde to, co se zdálo vzdálené, už nelze přehlédnout, protože některé věci se nesdělují, jen se s nimi setkáme.
Dějiny člověka - Kniha první
Objevte fascinující příběh Současného Člověka od počátků až po současnost. Autoři Marty Q Nowak a Martin Kváča představují Dějiny Člověka jako ucelený příběh, ve kterém se propojuje minulost se současností a kde se jednotlivé civilizace, myšlenky i objevy postupně skládají do širšího obrazu vývoje člověka, přičemž čtenáři nabízí pohled, který spojuje současná kosmická odhalení s odkazem starověkých kultur a umožňuje lépe porozumět tomu, odkud přicházíme, kam směřujeme a jakou roli v tomto vývoji sehrává každý z nás.
Kyiv 2022
The first authoritative, illustrated account of Russia’s high-risk strike on Ukraine’s capital, the centerpiece of its failed 2022 invasion plan.In 2022, Vladimir Putin was convinced he could seize Kyiv, install a puppet government, and close his fist on Ukraine in a matter of weeks, with minimal fighting. In this book, Dr Mark Galeotti, a world expert on Russian military history, explains how Russia’s lightning conquest was conceived and planned, and how it was defeated.He explains how Russia’s commanders did not expect to go to war and were forced to invade under-prepared, and how they nonetheless made a concerted attempt to seize Hostomel Airport and from there take the capital, with mercenaries detailed to hunt down the government. But Ukrainian military and civilian resistance thwarted the attack and within a month, the Russians were already on the retreat, leaving behind the smoking remains of the 40-mile invasion column outside Kyiv.Drawing extensively on Russian and Ukrainian sources including interviews with soldiers involved in the operation, and fully illustrated with photographs, original artwork and maps, this is the most detailed and compelling study of this operation available in English. It is the story of a strike whose defeat signalled both the shattering of Putin’s expectations of an easy victory, and the start of the reorientation of the war towards the south-east.
A Brief History of the Coast in 100 Objects
An immersive history of our coasts and the people who have shaped them The coast means something different to everyone. It’s a place of pleasure and reckless pursuits, of fishing, fearless endeavours and a crashing, rugged beauty. The coast is, and always has been, our first line of defence and our springboard to other cultures. Through the lens of 100 carefully selected objects, this treasure chest of a book delves into the myriad ways our coastlines have shaped, and been shaped by, our history, culture, and identity. From Roman lighthouses to rosary beads, knitted jumpers to Viking slave shackles, each object serves as a portal to a unique story. Sally Coulthard’s engaging narrative goes far beyond the traditional seaside holiday to illuminate the coast’s role as a first line of defence, a site of trade, and a catalyst for cultural exchange. Readers will discover how the coast has influenced our beliefs, economy, and even our domestic lives. And, looking out to sea, this book will show how Britain’s story is anchored to those of our European neighbours and of faraway lands. From one of Britain’s finest historians of material culture, this book vividly captures the enduring magic and significance of our shores. Whether it’s smugglers’ underpants or sailor’s hoaxes, whale vomit or pickled puffin – it all washes up on the British coast…
Winter War 1939–40
The first illustrated study in English of the Finnish Air Force’s battle to repel the Soviet invaders during the Winter War, one of the greatest David-and-Goliath air battles in history. In 1939, the Soviet Union invaded its neighbour Finland, sparking the Winter War. While Finland was heavily outnumbered in all respects, in few respects was the contest so uneven as in the air. In this book, veteran Finnish aviation historian Kari Stenman draws on his decades of research to present the first account in English of the Finnish Air Force’s defence of the country’s skies, a clash that pitted its 114 combat aircraft against the Soviets’ 2,318. He explains that, equipped initially with a handful of British and Dutch aircraft, Finland’s air force adopted similar guerrilla tactics to its infantry. Fokker D.XXI interceptors were scattered to remote landing grounds to ambush the Soviets and give an impression of strength, while the bombers were first used for long-range reconnaissance and harassment. Over the course of the war, the Finns received new Gladiators, Fiat G.50s and French MS.406s, until at the close of the war, all flying units were thrown in to repel the Russian invasion across the frozen Gulf of Finland. Illustrated with previously unpublished photos, superb original artwork, 3D diagrams and maps, this reveals for the first time the full story of how Finnish aviators fought for their country’s independence.
Art of War & Other Classics of Eastern Philosophy
The words of the ancient Chinese sages are as timeless as they are wise.The words of ancient Chinese philosophers have influenced other thinkers across the world for more than 2,000 years, and continue to shape our ideas today. The Art of War & Other Classics of Eastern Philosophy includes translations of Sun Tzu's Art of War, Lao-Tzu's Tao Te Ching, the teachings of the master sage Confucius, and the writings of Mencius. From insights on warfare and diplomacy to advice on how to deal with one’s neighbors and colleagues, this collection of classical Eastern philosophy will provide readers with countless nuggets of wisdom.
The Classical World in Bite-sized Chunks
<p><b>Explore the fascinating world of Greek and Roman history in this entry from the bestselling <i>Bite-Sized Chunks</i> series.</b><br><br><br>Perhaps more than any other period in history, the era of classical antiquity <b>shaped the Western world</b> as we know it today. From the pioneering schools of <b>Greek philosophy</b> to the far-reaching influence of the <b>Roman Empire</b>, so much of what we consider <b>fundamental to our contemporary civilization</b> can trace its roots back to Mediterranean Europe during this time.<br><br><br>Divided into <b>eight chapters</b>, each covering an aspect of the classical world – gods, heroes and monsters, rulers and government, war, art, philosophy, literature and science – this is the<b> perfect primer</b> for any reader looking for an introduction to one of the <b>most captivating periods in history</b>.<br><br><br>With dozens of <b>easy-to-digest entries</b> on the most important people, events, art and mythology of the era, accompanied by maps and illustrations, <i>The Classical World in Bite-Sized Chunks</i> gives you everything you need to know about Greek and Roman history in <b>one compelling and compact package</b>.</p>
Cuba
A concise, readable and thoroughly revised overview of Cuba written by Cubans for anyone interested in quickly understanding the island country''s turbulent history. Cuba: A Brief History covers the pre-Hispanic period, through Cuba''s struggle to maintain the revolution in the years following the collapse of the Soviet Union, to the period after Fidel Castro''s decision to step down from office, to the 2014 opening to Cuba by the Obama Administration, the retirement of Raul Castro and his replacement as president in 2018 by Miguel Diaz Canal, and finally to the reversal of Washington''s engagement with Cuba under President Trump.
From Ritual to God in the Ancient Near East
Human belief systems and practices can be traced to ca. 10,000 BCE in the Ancient Near East, where the earliest evidence of ritual structures and objects can be found. Religious architecture, the relics of human skeletons, animal symbolism, statues, and icons all contributed to a complex network into which the spiritual essence of the divine was materially present. In this book, Nicola Laneri traces the transformation of the belief systems that shaped life in ancient Near Eastern communities, from prehistoric times until the advent of religious monotheism in the Levant during the first millennium BCE. Considering a range of evidence, from stone ceremonial enclosures, such as as Göbleki Tepe, to the construction of the first temples and icons of Mesopotamian polytheistic beliefs, to the Temple of Jerusalem, the iconic center of Israelite monotheism, Laneri offers new insights into the symbolic value embodied in the religious materiality produced in the ancient Near East.
Sophie
During some of the darkest days of the Royal Family, Sophie, Duchess of Edinburgh, has quietly risen to become the respected and much-loved face of a family in turmoil. In this inspiring biography, bestselling author Sean Smith tells the remarkable story of Sophie Rhys-Jones; a young woman with a winning smile who captured the heart of a Prince and the nation. From her fun-filled days in rural Kent and nervous beginnings at the Palace, to becoming a powerful voice on world issues and being acclaimed as a 'trailblazer' by Hillary Clinton, this is an intimate portrait of a woman who has achieved much while enduring the pressures of life as a wife, mother and Royal. Whether keeping important secrets, navigating tabloid exposés or surviving near-death experiences, Sophie has done so with dignity and strength. Inside, discover the secret of Sophie's long-lasting love for Prince Edward; her unshakeable bond with the late Queen; her friendship with the future Queen, Kate; and her frosty relationship with Princess Diana. Amid family upheavals and media obsession, it is Sophie who is saving the day.
Too Good to Waste
Paper was a precious commodity in the eighteenth century: every sheet was made by hand. There was therefore a significant market in recycling substandard paper from paper mills and discarded proofs and sheets from printers and booksellers for secondary use, alongside a black market in which stealing and receiving stolen paper took place on a vast scale. A single piece of paper could be termed ‘waste’ and yet sold for cash three times in succession, on each occasion performing a useful function. The end user would keep the newly purchased ‘waste’ or paper wrapping in a special drawer from which it would be taken for a myriad household purposes, including cooking, needlework, decoration and hygiene. Popular satirical prints depicted explicit paper uses, while creators of flamboyant papier mâché ceilings concealed the material by gilding it. With 90 illustrations, and drawing on letters from a range of people from farmers to notable authors and members of the aristocracy, together with meticulous archival research, this book traces the extraordinary history of ingenious paper recycling in eighteenth-century England.
Blood Dawn
'This is the history we so badly needed' ANTONY BEEVOR'Essential reading for understanding Asia's present' RICHARD OVERYA momentous new history of World War II in Asia. In the early twentieth century, from India to China, Western imperial powers dominated Asia. Then, in the 1930s, Japan began to tear down this old order in pursuit of its own imperial ambitions - first by invading China, and then by launching its assault against British, Dutch, and American outposts across Asia and the Pacific in December 1941. As Japanese forces seized vast swaths of territory and pressed toward India, the brutal fighting cost millions of lives across the continent. Simultaneously, the war's chaos and suffering supercharged anti-colonial movements from British India to Dutch Indonesia. Ultimately, it was the charismatic leaders of these movements - Mao, Nehru, Sukarno - who built the new Asia of independent nation-states that emerged in the war's bloody wake. Drawing on deep archival research across continents, leading historian Hans van de Ven tells the dramatic story of how Asia's people mobilized to defeat both Japanese aggression and European imperialism, forging modern Asia in the process. Blood Dawn is a landmark new account of one of the most important and overlooked episodes of the twentieth century, revealing how Asia's Second World War was central in creating the post-war order.
Born
'illuminating' TIMES LITERARY SUPPLEMENT'fascinating' THE SPECTATOR'compelling' THE INDEPENDENTWomen have been fighting for control over their bodies for thousands of years. From Neolithic hunter-gatherers to the reversal of Roe v. Wade, this is their story. Acclaimed cultural historian Lucy Inglis takes the reader on an epic journey through the stories of women over hundreds of thousands of years. From ancient Mesopotamian birthing practices to the lost contraceptives of Ancient Rome and the strange story of the feminists who fought for the right to forget childbirth, this is a truly sweeping history that explores the competing ideologies and lived realities that have shaped so many lives. Lucy Inglis charts the battle for control throughout history over reproduction, birth and women’s bodies - a fight still raging in many places across the world. With birth rates falling and infant mortality in many societies on the rise once more, this bold and timely book raises vital questions about how we think about motherhood and pregnancy today. Lucy Inglis has spent over a decade researching the history of childbirth, drawing on new and unseen sources from a wide-ranging array of disciplines. Charting the powerful interests and dedicated scientists that have shaped women’s maternal experiences, this is a must-read for anyone who wishes to understand how we all came to be here.
The American Dream
More than sixty years after it was first delivered, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s "The American Dream" speaks to us still — a timeless vision of a nation that belongs to everyone, and an invitation to help build it. In June 1961, Dr. King stood before graduating students at Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and offered something this country has always needed: hope grounded in truth. Two years before his iconic "I Have a Dream" address, he called on all Americans — of every race, background, and belief — to close the gap between democracy's promise and its practice. This beautiful edition pairs that landmark speech with a foreword from Dr. King's grandchild, Yolanda Renee King, who reflects on her grandfather's enduring vision and what it means to carry it forward today. Readers will take away:A deeper understanding of the American Dream as a shared promise — one that asks each of us to see our lives as bound up in one another's. A compassionate framework for recognizing injustice and responding with courage, clarity, and love. Dr. King's enduring case for nonviolence as the path most worthy of our highest ideals. An invitation to be "maladjusted" — to hold on to hope and refuse to accept the world as less than it could be. Dr. King believed that we are all caught in what he called "an inescapable network of mutuality." What diminishes one of us diminishes all of us — and what lifts one of us lifts all of us. That idea is as true today as it was in 1961.This book is for anyone ready to be part of something bigger than themselves. The dream is still alive, and there is still a place in it for you.
Metamorphosis
'Beautiful. Entertaining. Inspiring.' Nature'Startling . . . riveting . . . hauntingly timely.' Washington Review of Books'A meditation on transformation . . . Warm [and] empathetic . . . wonderful.' Science'Startling . . . astounding . . . Animated by wonder.' MIT's UndarkMetamorphosis has always been one of biology's greatest wonders and toughest riddles. To emerge a butterfly, a caterpillar dissolves inside its chrysalis and builds a brand new brain, wings and legs. Why all this destruction and remodelling? Why all this wasted energy and tim? ren Harman beautifully unfurls the untold story of metamorphosis across two millennia, asking why it has obsessed and inspired us so profoundly. Along the way we meet poets, artists, philosophers, and a cast of scientists as colourful as the animals themselves: whether Aristotle determining cucumbers had souls, Sigmund Freud searching in vain for eel testicles, or a Japanese zoologist singing karaoke to a baby jellyfish. Taking us on an exhilarating journey through the creatures that metamorphose - a staggering three-quarters of all animal species - from starfish reproducing in reverse in ocean depths, to poison dart frogs on steaming rainforest canopies, to human adolescents struggling to control themselves, Metamorphosis is a new classic of natural history: a book that, by explaining a mystery of nature, causes us to relearn ourselves.
V kategórii populárno - náučné encyklopédie nájdete široký výber kníh, ktoré vám poskytnú poznatky z rôznych oblastí zaujímavým a zrozumiteľným spôsobom. Encyklopédie vám pomôžu získať komplexný prehľad o rôznych témach, ako ľudské telo a človek, príroda, vesmír, veda a technika a história.
Naša ponuka encyklopédií populárno-náučného charakteru vám umožní objaviť fascinujúci svet poznania a rozšíriť svoje vedomosti o rôznych témach.
