Najnovšie - Politológia strana 20 z 134
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A civilizációk összecsapása és a világrend átalakulása
A történelemnek koránt sincs vége, és láthatóan nem a nyugati liberális demokrácia diadalmaskodik, elhozva mindenki számára a békét. Területszerző háborúk, vallási konfliktusok, népvándorlás, gazdasági-hatalmi átrendeződések zajlanak szerte a világban; a különböző kultúrák és civilizációk érdekei és értékei állandó harcban állnak egymással. Ezek a mindennapi tapasztalataink a 21. század első negyedében. Mi vár ránk és gyerekeinkre - a nyugati civilizációra, az emberiségre?
Samuel P. Huntington (1927-2008) amerikai politikatudós 1996-ban megjelent, nagy hatású elemzésében a hidegháborút követő politikai és ideológiai világ- és válsághelyzetet, a jövő történelmének lehetséges forgatókönyveit vizsgálja - a különböző vallásokon és kultúrákon nyugvó civilizációk összecsapásaira készítve fel olvasóit. Mára klasszikussá vált, provokatív és éleslátó művében - mely egyben aktuálisabb, mint valaha - a többcivilizációs multikulturális világrend elfogadásában látja az egyetlen lehetséges (és békés!) utat a Nyugat számára értékeinek megtartáshoz, egyediségének megőrzéséhez.
Stratégiai ösztönök - A kognitív torzítások adaptív előnyei a nemzetközi politikában
Ma már széles körben elfogadott tény, hogy kognitív torzítások befolyásolják döntéseinket. Ahhoz, hogy racionálisan tudjunk viselkedni, meg kell tanulnunk kompenzálni őket - hangoztatja egybecsengően a szakirodalom. Dominic D. P. Johnson azonban épp ezt a látszólag megkérdőjelezhetetlen nézetet fordítja ki a sarkaiból. Történelmi példákon keresztül mutatja be, hogy nem elkerülhetetlenül kudarchoz vezető, bosszantó hibákról van szó, hanem inkább olyan evolúciós alkalmazkodásokról, amelyek támogatják, hogy hatékonyan tudjunk dönteni bizonytalan körülmények közt is.
Johnson az evolúcióbiológia és a viselkedéstudományok eszköztárát hívja segítségül, hogy három kognitív torzítást - a túlzott önbizalmat, az alapvető attribúciós hibát és a csoportelfogultságot - új megvilágításba helyezze. Az amerikai függetlenségi háború, a müncheni válság és a második világháború csendes-óceáni hadjáratának eseményeit elemezve tárja elénk, milyen előnyei és veszélyei lehetnek a fent felsorolt beállítódásoknak. Ráirányítja figyelmünket, hogy a nemzetközi kapcsolatok bonyolult színterén a stratégiai ösztönök akár sikerhez is vezethetnek, sőt túlélési esélyeinket is növelhetik, mint ahogyan tették évezredeken át.
Merre tovább? - Magyarország helyzete és kilátásai
Magyarország több szempontból is válságban van, és az előttünk álló néhány év sorsdöntő lesz. E kötet szerkesztői, szerzői emiatt úgy gondolták, hogy kötelességük a legjobb tudásuk szerint sorra venni a legsúlyosabb problémákat, és egyben megfogalmazni a mai helyzetből kivezető szükséges és lehetséges utakat. A kötetben megjelenő írásokat bármilyen külső megrendelés nélkül, a jövőnk iránti felelősségtől vezérelve, ha úgy tetszik, "kötöttségek nélkül" írtuk. Meggyőződésünk, hogy javaslatainknak legalább egy része hasznos tanácsként szolgálhat, továbbá elfogadhatónak bizonyulhat minden mai politikai szereplő számára, akik - felismerve a jelen problémáit - a magyar jövő alakításán felelősen kívánnak munkálkodni. Noha a szerzők közül néhányan aktív politikai múlttal rendelkeznek, a kötet szerkesztői és az írások szerzői sem politikai szerepvállalásra törekszenek. Szerepfelfogásunk leginkább közéleti felelősségünkből következik, és a "tanácsadók tanácsadójaként" határozható meg. Az írás közben az egykori Eötvös Collegium jelmondata vezetett bennünket: "Szabadon szolgál a szellem". A részvétel ebben a könyvben számunkra felszabadító élmény volt, és csak remélni tudjuk, hogy a könyv olvasása olvasóink számára is ugyanezt jelenti majd.
Párbaj - Magyar Péter VS Orbán Viktor
A magyar politika ritkán engedélyez a szereplőinek hosszabb nyugalmi időszakokat, de ami 2024 óta történik a magyar közéletben, arra nemigen láttunk példát a rendszerváltás óta. Valami egészen újnak vagyunk a szemtanúi Magyar Péter politikába lépése óta, és ennek jelentőségét csak utólag fogjuk tudni igazán felmérni.
Ez a kötet a Nap Híre YouTube-csatornáján 2024 tavasza óta sugárzott Elemző Nagy Attila Tiborral című podcastban elhangzott beszélgetések alapján készült, ahol Nagy Attila Tibor politikai elemző értelmezte és kommentálta hétről hétre az aktuális politikai történéseket Gavra Gábor műsorvezetése mellett. A műsor és a könyv célja, hogy a Tisza Párt megjelenése és a Fidesz-Tisza küzdelem kiéleződése nyomán felkavarodott magyar politikai életben kapaszkodókat adjon és segítse a nézőket az események közötti eligazodásban.
Entanglements in World Politics
In this seminal study, Peter J. Katzenstein drags the analysis of world politics from the Newtonian humanism of the nineteenth century into a new post-Newtonianism of the twenty-first. The key concept is entanglement. By examining differences in context, process, and language, Katzenstein specifies how risk and uncertainty intertwine. Three deeply researched case studies – finance and political economy, nuclear crisis politics and war, and global warming and AI – support his original arguments. A chapter on power further illustrates the risk-uncertainty conundrum. Entanglements in World Politics calls for humility and eclectic pragmatism, emphasizing the unity of knowledge of the natural and humanistic sciences and the complementarities of science and religion. Katzenstein's engaging writing and innovative approach make this a must-read for anyone interested in the complexities of global politics. This book is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Mother of Capital
Rent, or unearned income, is a pervasive concept in contemporary economics. Economists of all stripes see today's global economy as riddled with harmful rents, but most deny these are intrinsic to capitalism, and insist they can be eliminated with the right policies. It begs the question, why is rent theory so critical of the present but so optimistic about the futur? n Mother of Capital, Matthew Costa delves into the intellectual and social history of rent to solve this puzzle. Centring rent as the engine of capitalism's historical emergence in medieval Europe, he offers a groundbreaking, systematic history of rent and rent theory. The book also traces the history of resistance to rent from below, and unearths a neglected body of critical rent theory. Weaving complex strands of social and intellectual history into a vivid, lively, and original explanation of how the society we live in came to be, Costa makes a bold intervention into contemporary debates about the origins and future of capitalism, the nature of social change, and of history itself.
Hunger Inc.
Since 2020, we have seen a huge increase in the demand for charitable food aid, due to multiple political and economic crises. Initially seen as an emergency measure, corporate-backed food aid programs are now entrenched 'solutions' to hunger. But who really benefits from the? ayleigh Garthwaite travelled across Britain, North America and Europe, working with food banks, co-ops, urban farms and food justice organisations. She documents the limitations of these programs, and how institutionalising charitable food aid absolves governments of their responsibility to ensure that people have a right to food. As hunger and inequality continue to rise within advanced capitalist countries, this issue is more urgent than ever. Kayleigh Garthwaite proposes radical key policies for governments and explores alternative community-led responses grounded in solidarity, not charity, to end the need for food aid before the indignity of food banks becomes completely normalised.
Czechoslayvakia
Mýty a memy národu československého
Jak současnou politiku ovlivňuje popkultura?
Proč je při tvarování ideálního československého kyborga důležitý gender a jakou roli hrála při rozpadu Československa astrologie?
Kniha Czechoslayvakia je uměleckým katalogem a průvodcem politické imaginace kombinujícím teoretické eseje, fanfikce a obrázky, které v galerijním a internetovém prostředí vyhrávají ve volbách o pozornost: ve výjevech z fiktivní Čtvrté republiky umělce a mikroinfluencera Jakuba Polácha se potkávají Karl Marx, Nicki Minaj, Nora Mojsejová, Klement Gottwald nebo Sugar Denny.
Just Words
This book examines the role of the European Court of Human Rights in promoting standards of effective civil justice in Europe. It defines judicial effectiveness as composed of three main components, namely the length, cost and predictability of proceedings. Following a comprehensive review of the relevant case law, the book argues that the legal standards established by the Court in these areas are rather modest, and that the legal reasoning behind them is predominantly formalist. Rather than developing an understanding of the relevant policy choices that determine the institutional framework of civil justice, the Court bases its decisions on abstract concepts like 'reasonable time', 'access to court' and 'legal certainty'. By sidelining the key institutional issues such as resource allocation and incentives, the Court has produced a largely theoretical case law that actually has little value for persons who wish to enforce their rights in courts.
Can Scientists Succeed Where Politicians Fail?
How can science prevail when policies fall short?Sometimes in secret, sometimes as official ambassadors for their governments, scientists trade their white coats for blazers, stepping out of the lab and directly into sensitive, often life-threatening global crises. Think of the Paris Climate Agreement or the Iran Nuclear Deal, the Manhattan Project, and the Antarctic Treaty of 1959. Scientists have played a pivotal role in many of the greatest episodes in political history.But what prompts their involvement in international affairs, and what are some of the impacts of their efforts? Can Scientists Succeed Where Politicians Fail? recounts Nobel laureate Dr. Peter Agre''s career as a physician-scientist who went from studying malaria and other diseases to meeting with Fidel Castro in Cuba, discoursing with North Korean officials, and traveling into the Islamic Republic of Iran. Fusing science with political diplomacy, Agre and others like him demonstrate that effective science demands collaboration and that scientific collaboration can engender political success. The dynamic results of scientific involvement shift cross-border relationships, reducing global threats such as climate change, famine, conflict, and epidemics. It also results in cross-pollination between politicians and scientists in ways that inform policy and promote peace. The book explores Agre''s story alongside those of volcanologists in North Korea, epidemiologists in Latin America, and other scientists who have and are working alongside politicians, from African tribal chiefs to communist leaders, to tackle natural disasters and infectious threats in new ways.Features• Combining descriptions of Agre''s professional contributions with tales of his encounters in Cuba, Iran, and North Korea, this book provides vivid accounts of lesser-known scientific routes to diplomacy• Gives readers an intimate understanding of how scientists interact with politicians to resolve crises from pandemics to nuclear threats to volcanic eruptions• Interviews with leading politicians and scientists enrich the narrative with first-person accountsJohns Hopkins WavelengthsIn classrooms, field stations, and laboratories in Baltimore and around the world, the Bloomberg Distinguished Professors of Johns Hopkins University are opening the boundaries of our understanding of many of the world''s most complex challenges. The Johns Hopkins Wavelengths book series brings readers inside their stories, illustrating how their pioneering discoveries benefit people in their neighborhoods and across the globe in artificial intelligence, cancer research, food systems'' environmental impacts, health equity, planetary science, science diplomacy, and other critical arenas of study. Through these compelling narratives, their insights will spark conversations from dorm rooms to dining rooms to boardrooms.
Retrench, Defend, Compete
In Retrench, Defend, Compete, Charles L. Glaser advances a thought-provoking strategy for securing vital US interests in the face of China's rise. Many believe China's ascent will drive it to war with the United States. Yet this is far from inevitable; geography and nuclear weapons should ensure US security. The real danger, Glaser contends, lies in East Asia's territorial disputes, especially over Taiwan. To reduce the risk of war, Glaser makes a bold case for ending US security commitments to Taiwan and carefully calibrating its policies on protecting South China Sea maritime features. The United States should also strengthen its alliances with Japan and South Korea and eliminate unnecessarily provocative nuclear and conventional weapons policies. These measures, Glaser argues, would defuse China's biggest security concerns while preserving America's core strategic interests. Fusing theoretical insights with policy analysis, Retrench, Defend, Compete lays out a distinctive and compelling approach for managing the world's most consequential geopolitical rivalry - before it's too late.
Norms in International Relations
In this second edition of Norms in International Relations, Audie Klotz revisits the global struggle against apartheid and considers its impact on how we grapple with race and racism in international relations today. Originally published in the wake of South Africa's democratic transition, Norms in International Relations documented how sustained international activism transformed apartheid from a domestic injustice into a global problem. Through chapters on multilateral institutions and bilateral pressures, Klotz showed how sanctions campaigns challenged state interests and reshaped global norms. This second edition retains the original chapters as a historical snapshot of late-Cold War diplomacy, while new material traces the evolving meaning of apartheid itself – from a uniquely racialized regime to a more diffuse symbol of inequality. Klotz cautions that as "apartheid" becomes a generalized moral shorthand, its roots in systemic anti-Blackness risk being obscured. Bringing together case study specificity with broad contemporary resonance, this second edition invites new readers to rethink the politics of race, resistance, and norm diffusion in international relations – and to confront what the field still too often leaves out.
Democracy on a Tightrope
Democracy on a Tightrope explores the complex relationship between politics and bureaucracy in Brazil’s democratic development since the 1988 Constitution. Drawing from academic research and firsthand government experience, Pedro Abramovay and Gabriela Lotta examine how technocracy, meritocracy, and institutional power can both support and undermine democratic governance. Through vivid case studies—from drug policy to the Internet Bill of Rights—the book reveals how balancing political legitimacy with bureaucratic expertise is essential to building an inclusive, participatory democracy that resists authoritarian drift.
When Rebels Win
In When Rebels Win, Kai M. Thaler explores why victorious rebel groups govern in strikingly different ways. Many assume civil wars destroy state capacity. In the Democratic Republic of Congo and Libya, for instance, victorious rebels perpetuated state weaknesses. Yet elsewhere, like in China and Rwanda, they built strong, capable states. Kai M. Thaler argues that, to explain post-victory governance, we must look at rebel group ideologies: the ideas and goals around which a group is formed. Where a group's ideology falls along two key dimensions – programmatic versus opportunistic, inclusive versus exclusive – influences how it governs. Programmatic-inclusive groups seek to reach across territory and work with populations to implement goals, building the state to try to transform society. Opportunistic-exclusive groups, by contrast, prioritize personalized power and private wealth, neglecting statebuilding. With rich evidence from Africa, Latin America, and Asia, When Rebels Win rethinks accounts of rebel behavior and post-war governance emphasizing factors such as resource availability or international intervention. Wartime rebel ideology, Thaler demonstrates, is not just "cheap talk" – and civil war can, counterintuitively, lead to stronger states.
Against Innocence
A provocative critique of how the concept of innocence functions in contemporary politics and society. In this timely and bold book, Miriam Ticktin explores how a concept that consistently appears as a moral good actually ends up creating harm for so many. Claims to innocence protect migrant children, but often at the expense of their parents; claims to the innocence of the fetus work to punish women. Ticktin shows how innocence structures political relationships, focusing on individual victims and saviors, while foreclosing forms of collective responsibility. Ultimately, she wants to understand how the discourse around innocence functions, what gives it such power, and why we are so compelled by it, while showing that alternative political forms already exist. She examines this process across various domains, from migration, science, and environmentalism to racial and reproductive justice. Throughout the book, Ticktin shows how the concept of innocence intimately shapes why, how, and for whom we should care and whose lives matter—and how this can have devastating consequences when only an exceptional few can qualify as innocent. A politics grounded on innocence justifies a world built on inequality, designating most people—especially the racialized poor—as unworthy, undeserving, and less than human. As an alternative, she explores the aesthetics and politics of “commoning”—a collective regime of living that refuses a liberal politics of individual identity and victimhood.
All That Glistens
Investigates how Chinese state entities have compromised British business and politics at the highest levels.In the 2010s, as China slid deeper into authoritarianism and the UK veered towards political uncertainty, the two countries declared a ''Golden Era'' of relations. This challenge to the established international order came amid rising global concern around Chinese party-state intrusions abroad.All That Glistens peels away the shiny exterior of the Sino-British ''golden age'' to reveal a relationship built on global capitalism, British corruption and Chinese Communist Party influence over UK affairs--to the disquiet of London''s allies.Drawing on his years on the ground in Beijing, as well as investigative research using open-source intelligence, Martin Thorley''s timely book sheds light on a murky aspect of international relations. He reveals coordinated Chinese state actions reaching into the heart of Parliament, and the widespread compromise of British politics by Chinese commercial entities--particularly nuclear energy, property development and currency-trading enterprises. Exposing the close connections between Western financialisation and China''s geopolitical interference, this book offers a cautionary tale for all liberal democracies.
Understanding Marxism
Richard D. Wolff masterfully explains why Karl Marx’s analysis of class struggle is fundamental to a proper understanding of capitalism and explores how to build a more sustainable democratic society.Class struggle is everywhere, and it influences everything and everyone in our society. Marx is the person who first explained this struggle systematically. For Marx, capitalism signified not the end of history, but rather the latest phase of human development that leads ordinary people to rid themselves of “all the muck of ages and become fitted to found society anew."Marx’s theories are deeply prescient and relevant in our efforts to understand and cope with the crises of our time. Every day, we see more evidence that the capitalist system is both undermining itself and those whose labor it depends on, as Marx predicted.Understanding Marxism is an essential resource for looking at the power and usefulness of Marx’s criticism of the capitalist economic system—and how we can move beyond it to a truly sustainable and democratic society based on workers’ self-management.
Understanding Capitalism
“Why does capitalism fail us?” Richard D. Wolff walks readers through this pressing question in a brilliant takedown of an economic system that benefits the few at the great expense of the many.Understanding Capitalism explores the different definitions of what capitalism is and is not, and dissolves the many myths that, Wolff argues, are designed to confuse and disorient us. Wolff doesn’t simply identify the crises and harms manufactured by capitalism, he details a path forward by outlining alternative economic models that combat the exploitation and oppression inherent in capitalism.Capitalism oftentimes feels as permanent as the sky above. Understanding Capitalism shows that our current economic system is only as strong as the ordinary people who enable its existence, and that capitalism’s demise requires an organized, collective effort by those who can identify its vulnerabilities and limitations, but also understand that another world is indeed possible.
Understanding Socialism
Socialism is a yearning for justice, community, and the greater realization of human potential. Cornel West calls it “the best accessible and reliable treatment we have of what socialism is, was, and should be.”Understanding Socialism is a plainspoken text that disarms false narratives, confronts past failures, and offers a path to a fresh and modern understanding of socialism, by outlining what democracy in the workplace could look like.Wolff not only explains what socialism is and has meant to its various proponents, he also looks at the transition from feudalism to capitalism as a model to help us visualize an evolution from our current socioeconomic state.Understanding Socialism explores how socialist theory was used and applied to help shape the histories of countries such as Russia and China, and beyond. Wolff also analyzes the successes and defeats of those countries, the world''s reactions to them, and how they offer important lessons for the building of a democratic, worker-controlled 21st-century socialism.
V kategórii literatúry politológia nájdete rozsiahlu zbierku kníh a diel, ktoré sa zaoberajú politickými systémami, inštitúciami a procesmi. Táto kategória ponúka literatúru o politike, politickej teórii, medzinárodných vzťahoch a politických ideológiách.
Objavte diela svetovo uznávaných politických teoretikov a výskumníkov, ktorí analyzujú mocenské štruktúry, rozhodovacie procesy, politické konflikty a spoločenské zmeny. Ich príspevky sú kľúčové pre lepšie porozumenie politických systémov a ich vplyvu na spoločnosť.
Medzi najznámejších autorov v oblasti politológie patria Niccolo Machiavelli, či Karl Marx.
V slovenskom kontexte môžeme uviesť Miroslava Kusého, Vladimíra Krivého a Miroslava Londáka ako významných autorov politologickej literatúry. Ich diela sa zaoberajú politickým vývojom, inštitúciami a politickým správaním na Slovensku.
