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Moc sankcií
Ekonomická zbraň na bojisku modernej vojny
História zrodu ekonomických sankcií a prečo ich dedičstvo naďalej formuje svet
Sankcie dnes dominujú svetovej politike. Prvýkrát sa objavili na začiatku 20. storočia ako spôsob, ktorým sa mal udržiavať svetový poriadok. Hoci boli navrhnuté ako prostriedok na predchádzanie konfliktom, ich model vychádzal priamo zo skúseností prvej svetovej vojny a mal sa aplikovať aj v mierových časoch.
Historik Nicholas Mulder sleduje využívanie ekonomických sankcií od blokád a obchodných obmedzení cez udržiavanie koloniálnych impérií až po medzivojnové konfrontácie s fašizmom. Vďaka rozsiahlemu archívnemu výskumu spája politické, ekonomické, právne a vojenské dejiny a ukazuje, ako sa z donucovacieho nástroja stalo mierotvorné opatrenie v rukách Spoločnosti národov a neskôr OSN, aj aké to má implikácie pre súčasnú politiku.
Táto mimoriadne aktuálna kniha vrhá nové svetlo na dôvody, prečo sú sankcie často považované za formu vojny – a prečo sú ich (ne)zamýšľané dôsledky také závažné.
Najlepšia kniha roku 2022 podľa časopisu Foreign Affairs.
dostupné aj ako:
The Darkest Night Brings Longer Days
In the late 1980s Sirous Houshmand found himself in the confines of Tehran’s notorious Evin Prison, a political prisoner facing a future where survival seemed unlikely. Thousands were killed in mass executions in 1988, including many of Houshmand’s closest prison friends. These memories would shape his life for years to come. The Darkest Night Brings Longer Days is Houshmand’s eyewitness testimony of tumultuous times and of living in two dissimilar countries. Born in Iran, Houshmand grew up in the United States. Following graduate studies and partly driven by the political fervour of the 1960s – the war in Vietnam, the Kent State shootings, the drift towards a consumerist society and conformist pressures – he returned home. There he was a follower of the revolution, worked as a medical aide in the Iran–Iraq War, and was eventually imprisoned in a widespread assault against the opposition. Houshmand shares the brutal realities of incarceration, prompting reflection on today’s political prisoners and asylum seekers while offering insight into the differences and similarities between the United States and Iran, enhancing our understanding of their complex relationship today. After the horrific executions of his friends, Houshmand vowed to honour their sacrifice. In The Darkest Night Brings Longer Days he brings their passionate aspirations for social and economic justice to the fore, reminding us that hope is a powerful force.
The Bonfire of the Insanities
A new serving of satire from bestselling author and beloved Guardian columnist John Crace.''I lap up everything John Crace writes gratefully: I love his cleverness, his wit, and his heart.'' NIGELLA LAWSONIt ended as it began. With Downing Street under grey leaden skies. Someone’s idea of a cosmic joke. Only this time the rain had eased to a light drizzle rather than a torrential downpour. If you’re a Tory, you take your blessings where you find them on days like these.After fourteen years of Tory rule, John Crace has seen it all: a bucket-load of sleaze and scandals, myriad questionable policy decisions, and an ever-revolving door of impressive* candidates trying to get themselves to the top of a sinking ship.With a bumpy start, Keir Starmer, Rachel Reeves and the Labour Party have taken the reins while Kemi Badenoch and the Tories slink off to regroup in opposition. Many proclaim that the United Kingdom’s political landscape has changed – but are those fabled sunlit uplands finally in view? Selected from Crace’s much-loved Guardian column, The Bonfire of the Insanities lights up a new chapter of governmental absurdity with mordant wit and caustic humour.(*terms and conditions apply)
The Power of the Crowd
This Element explores misinformation as a challenge for democracies, using experiments from Germany, Italy, and the UK to assess the role of user-generated corrections on social media. A sample of more than 170,000 observations across a wide range of topics (COVID, climate change, 5G etc.) is used to test whether social corrections help reduce the perceived accuracy of false news and whether miscorrections decrease the credibility of true news. Corrections reduce the perceived accuracy of misinformation, but miscorrections can harm perceptions of true news. The Element also assesses the mechanisms of social corrections, finding evidence for recency effects rather than systematic processing. Additional analyses show the characteristics of individuals who have more difficulties identifying false news. Survey data is included on characteristics of people who write comments often. The conclusion highlights that social corrections can mislead, but also work as remedy. The Element ends with best practices for effective corrections.
Violent Saviours
Economic development is not really development without consent.For centuries, the developed Western world has exploited the less-developed ''Rest'' in the name of progress, conquering the Americas, driving the Atlantic slave trade, and colonizing Africa and Asia. Throughout, the West has justified this global conquest by thealleged material gains it brought to the conquered. But they overlooked the demand for self-determination - and not just relief from poverty.Renowned economist and author of The White Man''s Burden William Easterly examines how the demand for agency has always been at the heart of debates on development. Spanning four centuries of global history, Easterly argues that commerce, rather than conquest, provide equal rights as well as prosperity. Tracing the economic ideas underpinning the long debate between conquest and commerce, Easterly shows how it is the surge in global trade that has given agency to billions of people for the first time.Asserting a new and urgent perspective on global economics, Violent Saviours shows that the demands for consent, dignity and respect must be at the centre of the global fight against poverty.
It Started in Damascus
A gripping social and political chronicle of Syria before and after revolution, as the global shockwaves continue rippling.For decades, Syrians longed for an ordinary life. When Bashar Assad was unexpectedly toppled in December 2024, they celebrated the fall of a dynastic dictatorship. But as they strive for post-Assad justice, they must grapple with the legacy of a freedom fight begun many years before.When Hafez Assad''s violent rule ended in 2000, many believed his son heralded change; but Bashar betrayed those hopes. When Syrians finally rose up in 2011, they were mercilessly crushed by his regime--backed by Russia and Iran--and abandoned by the Western powers claiming to support them. Now, with a new power in Damascus, can the people forge the new Syria they''ve dreamed of for a quarter-century? Rime Allaf, Damascene herself, narrates a struggle for dignity that has shaken the world. With expert analysis, poignant storytelling and a deep personal connection with the region, she paints an intimate portrait of a devastated society, and of a resilient people determined to find peace.
The Fantasy and Necessity of Solidarity
From award-winning writer Sarah Schulman, a longtime activist and critic of the Israeli war on Gaza, comes a brilliant examination of the misunderstood concept of solidarity which seeks to provide a new vision of what it means, and why it matters. In this nuanced analysis, Schulman challenges the traditional notion of solidarity as a simple union of equals, arguing that in today's world of globalized power structures, true solidarity requires the collaboration of bystanders and conflicted perpetrators with the excluded and oppressed. Schulman examines a range of case studies, from the fight for abortion rights in post-Franco Spain, to NYC's AIDS activism in the 1990s, to the current wave of protest movements against Israel's genocide of the Palestinian people, and her own experience growing up as a queer female artist in male dominated culture industries. Reckoning with the successes and failures of these movements, she argues that action always comes at a cost, despite not always being effective. But without solidarity we are stuck with the status quo, and we lose any hope of progressive change. By turns challenging, inspiring, pragmatic, and poetic, The Fantasy and Necessity of Solidarity provides a much-needed path for how we can work together towards justice now and for the future.
For The People
Around the world the foundations of democracy, freedom, civil liberties are being eroded – what can be done? Are we living through the end of the democratic moment? While democracy once seemed the bedrock of Western societies, the past few decades have revealed a fragile reality. Once liberal countries are turning to authoritarianism, wealthy individuals and corporations are interfering with elections evermore flagrantly, and faith in democracy has plummeted among every demographic. What happened? From gerrymandering and partisanship to corporate interference and tainted donations, A. C. Grayling reveals the forces undermining our democratic ideals and offers bold solutions. An urgent wake-up call to the risks this poses to us all, For The People reminds us why democracy remains worth fighting for.
Kicking the Hornet's Nest
The compelling, groundbreaking investigation of how the choices of twelve US presidents, from Truman to Trump, have fueled turbulence and turmoil in the Middle East. And the one president who chose a better way.Kicking the Hornet’s Nest is a riveting exploration of how twelve US presidents have shaped the Middle East, often unleashing instability and conflict along the way. It is also the story of one US president who successfully charted a better course. From Truman to Trump, Daniel Zoughbie meticulously unpacks the decisions that have set the stage for today’s unrest. But this book is more than just a history lesson; it’s a sharp analysis of presidential decision-making and its far-reaching consequences. Today, the Middle East stands as a volatile landscape, more tumultuous than at any time since the fall of the Ottoman Empire. Zoughbie paints a vivid picture of how nearly every major nation-state in the Middle East and North Africa has grappled with existential crises in the recent years, paving the way for terrorist groups to threaten national sovereignty and for local conflicts to destabilize world order. Drawing on a vast array of primary sources and interviews with world leaders, the narrative explores pressing issues like nuclear proliferation, genocide, and nationalist conflicts fueled by sectarian fervor that have triggered global refugee waves. Kicking the Hornet’s Nest is an eye-opening study of US presidential decision-making and foreign policy. With compassion and insight, Zoughbie reveals the essential information necessary for anyone seeking to understand eight decades of US foreign policy and its profound impact on billions of lives worldwide.
In the Shadow of the Vatican
In 1948, joining the wave of post-World War II evangelical missionary activism, the small, nondenominational Church of Christ from Lubbock, Texas, decided to establish its own mission in Italy. The missionaries believed that by promoting religious freedom, they would help spread democracy and American values. But they were also motivated by fervent anti-Catholicism and a conviction that they could challenge the Vatican's near monopoly on religion in Italy. Their zeal and naivety were met with a harsh response from the Catholic Church and its allies within the Italian government. At the same time, the omnipresent Cold War soon forced all the actors involved to adapt their strategies and rhetoric to leverage the situation to their advantage.
The Small States Club
In this book, Armen Sarkissian, former president of Armenia, argues that small states can navigate the complex challenges of the twenty-first century in smarter ways than ''greater'' powers. For smallness — often regarded as a weakness — can be a strength. It may induce insecurity in states, but also endows them with an instinct for survival. Large states are ponderous; small states can be agile and adaptive. Drawing on his deep experience as a scientist, businessman, diplomat and head of state, Sarkissian offers captivating portraits of small states, from Africa to Europe to Asia, that have overcome seemingly insuperable odds to establish themselves as oases of political stability, cultural tolerance, technological innovation, financial prudence and scientific research. Sarkissian returns to the uncertain beginnings of these small states to demystify their improbable rise. Along the way, he introduces us to a cast of tenacious leaders with a knack for converting crisis into opportunity. Widely regarded as the most respected Armenian leader on the world stage, Sarkissian ends with a poignant homage to his motherland. Part memoir, part manifesto, it is a stirring insight into the world''s oldest Christian country, which is at once an ancient civilisation, a small state and a global nation.
The MAGA Doctrine
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER"Charlie was a giant of his generation, a champion of liberty, and an inspiration to millions and millions of people." — President Donald TrumpThe movement that brought Donald Trump to the White House has better ideas than the old right or the new left. It’s time that the rest of America started listening. In The MAGA Doctrine, Charlie Kirk explains once and for all why the principles of America First and traditional values have found an audience among young people all over the country. The Tea Party began as a protest for patriots who feared Big Government, but President Trump has become a hero for patriots who are against Big Everything:Silicon ValleyBig PharmaThe mediaHigher educationDeep state swamp monstersKirk describes why it took Trump, a reality TV superstar, to see past the sclerotic and power-hungry institutions, from the United Nations and Google to Harvard and Viacom, working to crush real America. The MAGA Doctrine is all about giving you a say in the future of America and a hand in making it happen. As the mainstream media churn out lies about the “real reasons” behind the new conservative agenda, this book is a powerful reminder of the true ideals of freedom and greatness that swept Donald Trump to the presidency. The MAGA Doctrine urges a restoration of self-rule by a populace long taken for granted by its rulers.
Under Siege
In this eye-opening memoir, Eric Trump relays surprising and gripping moments throughout his life and career as part of America’s most powerful family. From his earliest memories of growing up as part of the Trump family to pivotal roles in the 2016 and 2024 presidential elections, spearheading strategies to combat lawfare, and leading the Trump Organization, Eric has been deeply invested in all aspects of his family’s legacy. As one of his father’s original apprentices, Eric has always strived to build on that foundation. As the Executive Vice President of the Trump Organization since 2015, Eric has navigated the dual worlds of politics and business, growing the company, while battling unprecedented opposition from the media, Democrats, and ongoing legal challenges. From raids on his childhood home, Mar-a-Lago, to near assassination attempts, from Russiagate to cold and corrupt court rooms, the fake news media, censorship, and character smears—this wasn’t just an attack on a president, or even his family. America itself was under siege. In this book, Eric offers an unfiltered look at the highs and lows of life in the Trump world; how he took the reins of a multibillion-dollar empire at thirty-three years old; enlightening stories from real estate to the boardroom of The Celebrity Apprentice, and the chaos of the campaign trail.
Kauza Česko
Tato kniha není kampaň! Otevřená zpověď protikorupčního bojovníka, jehož knižní svědectví nedá spát politikům zprava doleva Thriller Davida Ondráčky o dvou dekádách v zemi, kde se stalo tolik věcí, ale přitom se téměř nic pořádného neděje. O tunelování státních a městských firem. O předražených tendrech, ve kterých Česko utopilo desítky miliard korun. O propojení regionálních kmotrů a vrcholných politiků. O novinářích a médiích. O oligarchizaci české politiky, o zákulisních hráčích, lobbistech, marketérech. O střetávání s Andrejem Babišem, který zásadně proměnil způsob vládnutí i fungování státní správy. O předchozích, ale i aktuální vládě. O pocitech euforie i zmaru, naděje i frustrace. O vyprazdňujícím se boji s korupcí. O nedotažených kauzách, předávání tajných dokumentů a výhrůžkách mafiánů i běžných lidí. O vyhoření a hledání nové cesty, jak pomoci veřejnému prostoru. Bývalý šéf české pobočky Transparency International David Ondráčka vzpomíná na dvacetiletou etapu svého života, kdy o protikorupční agendě jednal s politiky, kooperoval s policií a státními zástupci, okopával kotníky organizovanému zločinu a marně vysvětloval, že bez systémových změn se budeme Západu vzdalovat stále víc. A zkouší s odstupem nabídnout vhled do současných podob moci, které ovlivňují společnost v roce 2025 a budou důležité i v následujících letech.
dostupné aj ako:
The Backsliders
Why democracy is under assault across the globe by the leaders entrusted to preserve itDemocracies around the world are getting swept up in a wave of democratic erosion. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, two dozen presidents and prime ministers have attacked their countries’ democratic institutions, violating political norms, aggrandizing their own powers, and often trying to overstay their terms in office. The Backsliders offers the first general explanation for this wave. Drawing on a wealth of original research, Susan Stokes shows that increasing income inequality, a legacy of late twentieth-century globalization, left some countries especially at risk of backsliding toward autocracy. Left-behind voters were drawn to right-wing ethnonationalist leaders in countries like the United States, India, and Brazil, and to left-wing populist ones in countries like Venezuela, Mexico, and South Africa. Unlike military leaders who abruptly kill democracies in coups, elected leaders who erode them gradually must maintain some level of public support. They do so by encouraging polarization among citizens and also by trash-talking their democracies: claiming that the institutions they attack are corrupt and incompetent. They tell voters that these institutions should be torn down and replaced by ones under the executive’s control. The Backsliders describes how journalists, judges, NGOs, and opposition leaders can put the brakes on democratic erosion, and how voters can do so through political engagement and the power of the ballot box.
A World of Wounds
At the end of the Reagan administration, American public opinion polls showed there were no discernible differences based on political party in response to the question, "Do you consider yourself an environmentalist?" However, in the early 1990s, a partisan gulf between conservatives and liberals emerged around environmental issues. Today, half as many Republicans self-identify as environmentalists when compared to Democrats. Political stagnation on climate action, in turn, has led to a growing number of Americans of all ages who experience ecological grief (known as solastalgia) and eco-anxiety (a chronic fear of environmental doom). These emotions emerged in response to the existential distress associated with living in a world of relentless environmental damage and irreversible ecological losses: a world of wounds. This book offers an antidote to political frustration and hopelessness. Nancy J. Manring provides an indispensable analysis of the multi-decade, conservative war against American environmentalism and maps out realistic strategies for rebuilding a bipartisan environmental movement. Nurturing authentic hope, in contrast to blind optimism or false promises, begins with an unflinching look at both planetary and political realities. Choosing authentic hope is an ongoing process that requires emotional honesty, courage, and action. This forceful book serves as both a tool for change and a spirited scholarly intervention.
The American Revolution and the Fate of the World
In this revelatory and enthralling book, award-winning historian Richard Bell reveals the full breadth and depth of America''s founding event. The American Revolution was not only the colonies'' triumphant liberation from the rule of an overbearing England; it was also a cataclysm that pulled in participants from around the globe and threw the entire world order into chaos. Repositioning the Revolution at the center of an international web, Bell''s narrative ranges as far afield as India, Africa, Central America, and Australia. As his lens widens, the ''War of Independence'' manifests itself as a sprawling struggle that upended the lives of millions of people on every continent and fundamentally transformed the way the world works, disrupting trade, restructuring penal systems, stirring famine, and creating the first global refugee crisis. Bell conveys the impact of these developments at home and abroad by grounding the narrative in the gripping stories of individuals-including women, minorities, and other disenfranchised people. The result is an unforgettable and unexpected work of American history that shifts everything we thought we knew about our creation story.
Budget Justice
A bold vision that empowers communities to solve our cities’ most pressing problemsAmid political repression and a deepening affordability crisis, Budget Justice challenges everything you thought you knew about “dull” and daunting government budgets. It shows how the latter confuse and mislead the public by design, not accident. Arguing that they are moral documents that demand grassroots participation to truly work for everyone, the book reveals how everyday citizens can shape policy to tackle everything from rising housing and food costs to unabated police violence, underfunded schools, and climate change–driven floods and wildfires. Drawing on her years of engagement with democratic governance in New York City and around the globe, Celina Su proposes a new kind of democracy—in which city residents make collective decisions about public needs through processes like participatory budgeting, and in which they work across racial divides and segregated spaces as neighbors rather than as consumers or members of voting blocs. Su presents a series of “interludes” that vividly illustrate how budget justice plays out on the ground, including in-depth interviews with activists from Porto Alegre, Brazil, Barcelona, Spain, and Jackson, Mississippi, and shares her own personal reflections on how changing social identities inform one’s activism. Essential reading to empower citizens, Budget Justice explains why public budgets reflect a crisis not so much in accounting as in democracy, and enables everyone, especially those from historically marginalized communities, to imagine and enact people’s budgets and policies—from universal preschool to affordable housing—that will enable their communities to thrive.
Az Orbán - Az ember, aki bezsebelte az országát
Minden, ami meghatározza életünket az Orbán által tönkretett közéletben, minden, ami körülvesz minket az általa szétrombolt politikában, olyan, mint Orbán kézcsókja (amint megemeli a hölgyek kezét, de félúton megállítja, odahajol tíz-húsz centire, mint aki kezet csókol, csak éppen nem teszi): hazug és mímelt, csak látszat.
Orbán eddig kétszer bukott meg a választásokon: 2002-ben és 2006-ban – amikor kétszer könyvet írtam róla.
Íme, itt a harmadik …
Amit Orbán manapság tesz – a Pride-betiltás, a megújuló homofób kampányok, a kegyelmi botrány és gyermekvédelmi rendszerének borzalmas bűnei, a szüntelen sorosozás, migránsozás, az EU-ellenesség és százmilliárdok veszni hagyása, behódolása Putyinnak, valamint különösen hatalmi és vagyoni zsákmányszerzésének kielégíthetetlensége –, azt mutatja: ez az ember túlment minden határon.
A borítót, Vörös Szabolcs fotójának felhasználásával Földi Andrea tervezte.
V kategórii literatúry politológia nájdete rozsiahlu zbierku kníh a diel, ktoré sa zaoberajú politickými systémami, inštitúciami a procesmi. Táto kategória ponúka literatúru o politike, politickej teórii, medzinárodných vzťahoch a politických ideológiách.
Objavte diela svetovo uznávaných politických teoretikov a výskumníkov, ktorí analyzujú mocenské štruktúry, rozhodovacie procesy, politické konflikty a spoločenské zmeny. Ich príspevky sú kľúčové pre lepšie porozumenie politických systémov a ich vplyvu na spoločnosť.
Medzi najznámejších autorov v oblasti politológie patria Niccolo Machiavelli, či Karl Marx.
V slovenskom kontexte môžeme uviesť Miroslava Kusého, Vladimíra Krivého a Miroslava Londáka ako významných autorov politologickej literatúry. Ich diela sa zaoberajú politickým vývojom, inštitúciami a politickým správaním na Slovensku.
