Najnovšie - Filozofia strana 22 z 139
zobraziť:
Shamanism
What are the origins of shamanism and what is its future? Do shamans believe in their powers? What exactly is trance? And what can we learn from indigenous healing practices?
In this enlightening book, anthropologist Manvir Singh offers a new explanation for one of the most misunderstood religious traditions. Travelling from Indonesia to the Amazon, living with shamans and observing music, drug use and indigenous curing ceremonies, he journeys into the origins of shamanism. Fundamentally, shamans are specialists who use altered states to engage with unseen realities and provide services like healing and divination. As Singh shows, shamanism’s ubiquity stems from its psychological resonance. Its core appeal is transformation: a specialist uses initiations, deprivation and non-ordinary states to seemingly become a different kind of human, one possessed with the superpowers necessary to tame life’s uncertainty.
Following a fascinating cast of characters, Singh tells a larger story about the ancient and modern expressions of this timeless tradition. He argues that biomedicine can learn from shamanic practices, yet that psychedelic enthusiasts completely misrepresent history. He also shows that shamanic traditions will forever re-emerge – and that by journeying into humanity’s oldest spiritual practice, we come to better understand ourselves, our history and our future.
A Bright Cold Day
A pioneering biography of George Orwell told through moments of everyday life
'A clever, offbeat history of mid-century Britain through George Orwell's eyes.' Helen Lewis
When we think about Orwell, we imagine an angular, moustachioed sceptic crouched over a typewriter, who - between puffs on his cigarette - composes effortless streams of prose, unadorned but explosive. We see a man with 'Important Things to Say' about: the slow creep of authoritarianism; the consequences of all-seeing tech; the fragility of truth.
Much less often do we see him as a person caught up in the business of everyday life. And yet Orwell's work thrums with the quotidian: the smell of boiled cabbage, the chill of an unheated flat in early spring, the rumbling of old pipes.
A Bright Cold Day reveals how the principles that govern us begin in the mundane. From waking and showering to breakfast, work, lunch, the pub, sleep and dreaming, Orwell was never dulled to the routines of living. And in the details of the day, we can understand how power, money, freedom and choice play out, not just for Orwell's literary characters, but for us all.
The Original I Ching
A groundbreaking new translation of the Book of Changes?the world''s earliest-known divination system!"? an important book, not only because it is the first interpretation, ever, by a woman in a wholly male-dominated field, but because of its freshness and directness?A delight." ?Richard Burns, poet"Having this ancient text restored to its original form is something very valuable indeed." ? New Age RetailerThe Original I Ching presents a far more accurate and authentic version of the ancient Chinese Book of Changes, removing gender biases added by later Confucian commentators who operated in a heavily patriarchal society. This translation is based on recent archeological findings of tens of thousands of oracle bones dating back to when the text was first developed, when women were equal in status to men. It is the first English translation to present the original meaning of the text.Each entry is followed by page numbers referencing other well-known translations by Lynn, Shaughnessy and Wilhelm/Baynes to allow readers to do their own comparative readings. Various methods of casting and reading are provided, along with assistance in interpreting the advice received. The full Chinese text is included along with a list of recommended readings and a finding chart. This new paperback edition includes a new foreword by John S. Major, professor emeritus at Dartmouth College, who explains the social context of the I Ching divination system in ancient China as well as how it is used by practitioners today. A new expanded appendix helps novices make the most of their readings.
Truth and Truthfulness
What does it mean to be truthful? What role does truth play in our lives? What do we lose if we reject truthfulness? No philosopher is better suited to answer these questions than Bernard Williams. Writing with his characteristic combination of passion and elegant simplicity, he explores the value of truth and finds it to be both less and more than we might imagine. Modern culture exhibits two attitudes toward truth: suspicion of being deceived (no one wants to be fooled) and skepticism that objective truth exists at all (no one wants to be naive). This tension between a demand for truthfulness and the doubt that there is any truth to be found is not an abstract paradox. It has political consequences and signals a danger that our intellectual activities, particularly in the humanities, may tear themselves to pieces. Williams's approach, in the tradition of Nietzsche's genealogy, blends philosophy, history, and a fictional account of how the human concern with truth might have arisen. Without denying that we should worry about the contingency of much that we take for granted, he defends truth as an intellectual objective and a cultural value. He identifies two basic virtues of truth, Accuracy and Sincerity, the first of which aims at finding out the truth and the second at telling it. He describes different psychological and social forms that these virtues have taken and asks what ideas can make best sense of them today. Truth and Truthfulness presents a powerful challenge to the fashionable belief that truth has no value, but equally to the traditional faith that its value guarantees itself. Bernard Williams shows us that when we lose a sense of the value of truth, we lose a lot both politically and personally, and may well lose everything.
True Conservatism
Drawing on the riches of Western tradition, Anthony T. Kronman defends a humane conservatism for our enlightened age “Rigorous and philosophically demanding, Kronman’s book invites principled argument from every side.”—Kirkus Reviews As the party of the left has grown more strident, its conservative critics have responded in kind. Each year conservatives do a poorer job of defending their position as a citadel of human values without lapsing into an angry assault on ideals that they and progressives share. It becomes harder to see the enduring appeal of a true conservatism that celebrates the worth of custom and inheritance; the splendor of what is excellent and rare; the expansive solidarity of our friendship with the dead; and the dignity, indeed necessity, of our longing for a connection to the eternal and divine—while affirming that these timeless human goods are compatible with the modern ideals of equality, toleration, and reasoned argument. In this bracing book, Anthony T. Kronman defends a conservative philosophy of life that respects our enlightened ideals but decries the damage their arrogant simplification causes in our moral, political, and spiritual lives. Drawing on the work of Aristotle, Cicero, Spinoza, Burke, Hume, Madison, Tocqueville, Lincoln, Arendt, Heidegger, and others, he argues that humanism is conservatism, today as in the past. He reminds us that our humbling parameters make possible every form of human greatness, every human glory, every human love worthy of the name.
Kant and Teleology
Kant's mature teleological philosophy in the Critique of the Power of Judgment is predicated on innovations that address a set of unprecedented challenges arising from within critical philosophy. The challenges are (1) a threat of “transcendental chaos” between sensibility and understanding, emerging from the structure of critical epistemology; (2) a threat of “critical chaos” between determination and reflection, generated by Kant's response to that first threat. The innovations include (a) a transcendental conception of purposiveness, (b) a principle of nature's purposiveness based on that conception, (c) a power of judgment governed by that principle, (d) and so governed in an unusual (self-given and self-governing) way, (e) a view on which nature does make leaps. This Element argues that Kant's mature teleological philosophy – and a fortiori Kant's aesthetics and philosophy of biology – cannot be understood without a fully systematic account of these challenges and innovations, and it presents such an account.
Social Ontology
Social ontology is the study of the nature of the social world. This Element aims to provide an overview of this burgeoning field, and also to map the questions that theories in social ontology address. When we encounter a theory of some social thing ? groups, law, gender, and so on ?how are we to read it? What classes of theories have been explored and abandoned, and what classes are new and promising? The Element distinguishes theories of social construction from theories that characterize the products of social construction. For each, the Element works through a ''toy'' theory and then discusses features that more realistic theories ought to include. Three running examples are discussed throughout the Element: (1) property, or ownership; (2) race, or racialized kinds; (3) collective attitudes (i.e., beliefs, desires, knowledge, intentions, etc., of groups and organizations). This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Fenomenologie a strukturalismus
Na podzim roku 1975 požádala Patočku skupina literárních vědců, aby pojednal o souvislosti mezi fenomenologií a strukturalismem. Přednášky proběhly v soukromí mezi listopadem 1975 a lednem 1976. Přepis magnetofonového záznamu je doplněn transkripcí rukopisu přípravy na tuto přednášku. Velkým dějinným obloukem od vzniku filosofického myšlení v antickém Řecku až po současnost líčí Patočka filosofii jako reflexi permanentního otřesu všech původních mytických jistot. Přehledně vykládá spřízněnost Husserlovy fenomenologie se strukturalismem v úsilí najít pevnou půdu pod nohama v podobě nové vědy. V závěru pak předvádí nedostatečnost Husserlova pokusu a nezbytnost reformovat fenomenologii způsobem, který naznačil Martin Heidegger a který rozvíjí ve svém myšlení i sám Jan Patočka.
Right Thing, Right Now
THE #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER - HOW TO HARNESS THE LIFE-CHANGING POWER OF INTEGRITY
'A message all of us need to hear' Arnold Schwarzenegger
'This book is a gift to humanity' Dr. Edith Eva Eger
For the Stoics, justice was more than an idea. It was a way of life, a personal commitment to doing the right thing, no matter how difficult the path.
Our ability to live by our values and do good is life-changing; it is key to self-respect, purpose and success on our own terms. In this third instalment of his bestselling Stoic Virtues series, Ryan Holiday draws on historical icons and contemporary heroes to show us how to embrace the power of owning our convictions and acting accordingly in an era of dishonesty. Ultimately, the path to greatness is impossible without goodness.
Your values, your character and your deeds determine your success and your legacy. This book shows you the way.
Together
In 2020 protest movements across the world revealed the inequalities sewn into the fabric of society. The wildfires that ravaged Australia and California made it clear we are in the middle of a climate catastrophe. The pandemic showed us all just how precarious our economies really are, and the conspiracy theories surrounding the US election proved the same of our democracies. Those in charge do not have the answers. In fact, those in charge, more often that not, are the problem.
So, what do we do? In Together: 10 Choices for a Better Now, award-winning political commentator Ece Temelkuran puts forward a compelling new narrative for our current moment, not for some idealised future but for right now, and asks us to make a choice. To choose determination over hope; to embrace fear rather the cold comfort of ignorance; to save our energy for an unwavering attention on those in power and the destructive systems they uphold, rather than wasting time spewing out anger and outrage online.
Above all, this book asks you to choose to have faith in the other human beings we share this planet with.
Anděl na hrotu meče
Český filosof Vítězslav Gardavský pracoval na knize v obtížných pracovních podmínkách během let 1972–1975, kdy mu bylo zapovězeno působit v oboru. Gardavský zde sice navazuje na řadu motivů ze svých předchozích dvou knih (Bůh není zcela mrtev, Naděje ze skepse), nicméně současně rozvíjí, na příkladu starozákonního proroka Jeremiáše, zcela původní úvahy, v nichž se pokouší rehabilitovat „proroka“ – a to nikoli jako osobnost, ale daleko spíše v jeho společenské funkci sociálního kritika. Vydání editora Ivana Landy se opírá o strojopisnou i rukopisnou verzi Gardavského knihy.
A szabadság filozófiája
Rudolf Steiner osztrák polihisztor, filozófus, író, a Waldorf-pedagógia atyja, egy új világnézeti irányzat, az antropozófia megalkotója. Az antropozófia kifejezés a görög "antropos" (ember) és a "sophia" (bölcsesség) szavak összetételéből ered, jelentése: az "ember bölcsessége".
Egy megismerésen alapuló, tudományos módszerekkel felépített sajátos világképet takar ez a kifejezés, amely egyesíti magában az ókori Kelet bölcsességét és a modern Nyugat tudományos gondolkodását. Lényege abban áll, hogy azokat az érzékfeletti tapasztalatokat is valóságnak fogadja el, amelyeket a tudomány a maga technikai eszközeivel nem tud mérni vagy igazolni, így nem is ismer el.
Rudolf Steiner egy alkalommal arra a kérdésre, hogy "mi marad meg a műveiből ezer év múlva", azt válaszolta: "Csak A szabadság filozófiája fog fennmaradni. De abban minden benne van. Ha valaki az ott ábrázolt szabadságot megvalósítja, akkor megtalálja az antropozófia egész tartalmát."
German Philosophy and the First World War
How did the First World War, the so-called ''Great War'' - widely seen on all sides as ''the war to end all wars'' - impact the development of German philosophy? Combining history and biography with astute philosophical and textual analysis, Nicolas de Warren addresses here the intellectual trajectories of ten significant wartime philosophers: Ernst Bloch, Martin Buber, Ernst Cassirer, Hermann Cohen, György Lukács, Martin Heidegger, Edmund Husserl, Franz Rosenzweig, Max Scheler and Georg Simmel. In exploring their individual works written during and after the War, the author reveals how philosophical concepts and new forms of thinking were forged in response to this unprecedented catastrophe. In reassessing standardized narratives of German thought, the book deepens and enhances our understanding of the intimate and complex relationship between philosophy and violence by demonstrating how the 1914-18 conflict was a crucible for ways of thinking that still define us today.
Logical Pluralism and Logical Consequence
Logical pluralism is the view that there is more than one correct logic. This is not necessarily a controversial claim but in its most exciting formulations, pluralism extends to logics that have typically been considered rival accounts of logical consequence ? to logics, that is, which adopt seemingly contradictory views about basic logical laws or arguments. The logical pluralist challenges the philosophical orthodoxy that an argument is either deductively valid or invalid by claiming that there is more than one way for an argument to be valid. In this book, Erik Stei defends logical monism, provides a detailed analysis of different possible formulations of logical pluralism, and offers an original account of the plurality of correct logics that incorporates the benefits of both pluralist and monist approaches to logical consequence. His book will be valuable for a range of readers in the philosophy of logic.
Meditations for Mortals
Our lives can feel defined by the struggle with overwhelm, endless decisions and striving to be productive. Wouldn't it be good to stop doing all that? What if we could find freedom - and get more of the important things done - by embracing our limitations, and by letting things happen instead of forcing them?
Meditations for Mortals begins with the reality in which we actually find ourselves, not with fantasies of an ideal existence. Reflecting on ideas from philosophy, religion, psychology and self-help, it offers us a powerful and practical new way to do what counts: a guiding outlook Oliver Burkeman calls 'imperfectionism'.
This book is a profound and liberating crash course in living more fully. It overturns much familiar advice and opens a gateway to a saner, freer and more enchantment-filled life.
Aristotle on Happiness, Virtue, and Wisdom
Aristotle thinks that happiness is an activity ? it consists in doing something ? rather than a feeling. It is the best activity of which humans are capable and is spread out over the course of a life. But what kind of activity is it? Some of his remarks indicate that it is a single best kind of activity, intellectual contemplation. Other evidence suggests that it is an overarching activity that has various virtuous activities, ethical and intellectual, as parts. Numerous interpreters have sharply disagreed about Aristotle''s answers to such questions. In this book, Bryan Reece offers a fundamentally new approach to determining what kind of activity Aristotle thinks happiness is, one that challenges widespread assumptions that have until now prevented a dialectically satisfactory interpretation. His approach displays the boldness and systematicity of Aristotle''s practical philosophy.
Vybrané spisy II
Druhý díl vybraných spisů katolického teologa a biskupa skryté církve Jana Konzala (1935–2021) obsahuje jeho převážně dosud knižně nepublikované texty. Jedná se o rozsáhlý výbor z velkého množství přednášek, programových řečí a promluv k obnově závazků presbyterátu pražské obce ES a nástupnické Společné cesty. Dále soubor přináší Konzalovy homilie k obnově manželských závazků, písemné přípravy k duchovním obnovám a ukázky katechezí ke svátostem křtu, biřmování, manželství a smíření. Svazek uzavírají dva učební texty z 90. let Úvod do hermeneutiky Písma a tradice a Krátký kurz homiletiky.
In Praise of Philosophy
What kind of philosophy do we need for the 21st century? To answer to this question, Alain Badiou imagines a dialogue between Tocéras, an earnest and engaging professor, and various interlocutors from different countries and philosophical cultures – John After from Britain, Amantha from Greece, B’adj Akil from Senegal, Xi La Pong from China and several others. Their conversation takes readers on a playful journey through the history of philosophy framed by the five great questions that have preoccupied Alain Badiou: democracy, freedom, universality, language and being. At the same time, philosophy is presented not as a system or doctrine but as movement and dialogue. The philosopher is not a solitary figure; he is inseparable from his pupils, his disciples and his adversaries. It is only at the end of the journey that he arrives at the written, stable forms of his work. So we are dealing more with a play than a treatise, more with dialogues than monologues, more with a course than a book. The obvious model is Plato's Socrates, who, in founding philosophy as a discipline, ensured that it could be established anywhere in the world. In praise, yes, of philosophy as the public creation of a thought that, inventing itself and transporting itself anywhere, speaking to anyone about anything, invents the theatricalization of being.
The Rich and the Poor
The Rich and the Poor is part chronicle, part analysis of a disturbing sea-change: the abandonment of ethics in public policy. Seventy years ago, it was possible for serious thinkers, including some in the governments of affluent nations, to consider policies for raising living standards worldwide. Today, by contrast, the principal policy questions revolve around how to stay on top in a dog-eat-dog world. Philip Kitcher, one of the world’s most eminent philosophers, offers a new account of how ethics and politics should mix. The world needs to explore and reprioritize ethical questions, through inclusive deliberation that is both factually informed and mutually engaged with other perspectives. Achieving that end is hard, but without aspiring to it, we are likely to condemn our successors to lives of great hardship. Climate change demands global cooperation of a kind that can only be obtained by returning to ethical inquiry. The divorce between ethics and economics threatens disaster for all.
Filozofická literatúra obsahuje široký výber kníh a diel, ktoré vás zavedú do sveta myslenia, poznania a existencie. Knihy o filozofii podnecujú hlboké uvažovanie o základných otázkach ľudskej skúsenosti a prinášajú významné myšlienky a teórie od svetoznámych filozofov.
V kategórii Filozofia nájdete diela od najznámejších filozofov, ako je Platón, Aristoteles, Immanuel Kant či Friedrich Nietzsche. Ich myšlienky a teórie formovali filozofické disciplíny ako etika, metafyzika, politika a ďalšie.
Nájdete tu knihy, ktoré sa zaoberajú otázkami o podstate poznania, morálky a ľudskej existencie.
Okrem svetových autorov sa môžete tiež zoznámiť so slovenskými filozofmi, ako je Martin Heidegger a Miroslav Marcelli, ktorí prispeli k rozvoju filozofických myšlienok a teórií.
Objavte rozmanitosť prístupov a perspektív, ktoré vám pomôžu hlbšie porozumieť mysleniu, existencii a spoločnosti.
